Surface strain is widely employed in gas phase catalysis and electrocatalysis to control the binding energies of adsorbates on active sites. However, in situ or operando strain measurements are experimentally challenging, especially on nanomaterials. Here we exploit coherent diffraction at the new fourth-generation Extremely Brilliant Source of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility to map and quantify strain within individual Pt catalyst nanoparticles under electrochemical control. Three-dimensional nanoresolution strain microscopy, together with density functional theory and atomistic simulations, show evidence of heterogeneous and potential-dependent strain distribution between highly coordinated ({100} and {111} facets) and undercoordinated atoms (edges and corners), as well as evidence of strain propagation from the surface to the bulk of the nanoparticle. These dynamic structural relationships directly inform the design of strain-engineered nanocatalysts for energy storage and conversion applications.

表面应变广泛用于气相催化和电催化，以控制吸附物在活性位点上的结合能。然而，原位或操作应变测量在实验上具有挑战性，尤其是在纳米材料上。在这里，我们利用欧洲同步辐射设施的新的第四代极亮源的相干衍射来绘制和量化电化学控制下单个 Pt 催化剂纳米粒子内的应变。三维纳米分辨率应变显微镜，连同密度泛函理论和原子模拟，显示高度协调（{100} 和 {111} 面）和欠协调原子（边缘和角落）之间的异质和电位依赖性应变分布的证据，以及应变从表面传播到纳米颗粒主体的证据。这些动态结构关系直接为用于能量存储和转换应用的应变工程纳米催化剂的设计提供了信息。