Economic sanctions have been the West's response of choice to Russia's full-scale aggression in Ukraine. Predictably, speculation abounds as to what these sanctions portend for future responses to acts of interstate aggression. The principles underpinning the “trading with the enemy” laws of a seemingly bygone era have resurfaced but applied not to the sanctioning powers’ own enemies but in solidarity with another state, at least insofar as the breaches of erga omnes obligations through armed aggression are concerned. The contemporary expansion in sanctions practice may have far-reaching repercussions.

中文翻译：

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与朋友的敌人交易

经济制裁一直是西方对俄罗斯全面侵略乌克兰的选择。可以预见的是，关于这些制裁预示着未来对州际侵略行为的反应的猜测比比皆是。支持看似过去时代的“与敌人​​交易”法律的原则重新浮出水面，但并不适用于制裁国自己的敌人，而是与另一个国家团结一致，至少在违反普遍适用涉及通过武装侵略承担的义务。当代制裁实践的扩大可能会产生深远的影响。