The key to designing an implantable device lies in condensing the synergistic effects of diagnostic and therapeutic methods in a single tool. In conjunction with the integration of electrophysiology and optical modalities, a transparent neural interface alleviates challenges of conventional metal-based microelectrodes. In this review, the multimodal sensing and stimulation functionalities of recent research are addressed. Next, issues that arise when combining functionalities of conventional metal-based, opaque electrode arrays together with optical modalities—(1) photoelectric artifacts, (2) optical image blocking, and (3) light transmission efficiency—are introduced. Then, an introduction of advancing material candidates for transparent neural interfaces follows with the latest research.

设计可植入设备的关键在于将诊断和治疗方法的协同效应集中在一个工具中。结合电生理学和光学模式的整合，透明的神经接口缓解了传统金属基微电极的挑战。在这篇综述中，讨论了最近研究的多模式传感和刺激功能。接下来，介绍了将传统金属基不透明电极阵列的功能与光学模式（1）光电伪影、（2）光学图像阻挡和（3）光传输效率相结合时出现的问题。然后，最新研究介绍了用于透明神经接口的先进材料候选者。