This paper studies the contribution of both labor and non-labor income in the growth in income inequality in the United States and large European economies. The paper first shows that the capital to labor income ratio disproportionately increased among high-earnings individuals, further contributing to the growth in overall income inequality. That said, the magnitude of this effect is modest, and the predominant driver of the growth in income inequality in recent decades is the growth in labor earnings inequality. Far more important than the distinction between total income and labor income, is the way in which educational factors account for the growth in US labor and capital income inequality. Growing income gaps among different education groups as well as composition effects linked to a growing fraction of highly educated workers have been driving these effects, with a noticeable role of occupational and locational factors for women. Findings for large European economies indicate that inequality has been growing fast in Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom, though not in France. Capital income and education don’t play as much as a role in these countries as in the United States.

中文翻译：

---

美国和其他发达经济体日益加剧的收入不平等

本文研究了劳动和非劳动收入对美国和欧洲大型经济体收入不平等增长的贡献。该论文首先表明，高收入人群的资本与劳动收入比不成比例地增加，进一步加剧了整体收入不平等。尽管如此，这种影响的幅度并不大，近几十年收入不平等增长的主要驱动力是劳动力收入不平等的增长。比总收入和劳动收入之间的区别更重要的是教育因素对美国劳动力和资本收入不平等增长的影响。不同教育群体之间不断扩大的收入差距以及与越来越多受过高等教育的工人相关的构成效应一直在推动这些影响，其中职业和地域因素对女性的作用显着。对欧洲大型经济体的调查结果表明，德国、意大利和英国的不平等现象一直在快速增长，尽管法国没有。资本收入和教育在这些国家的作用不如在美国那么重要。