In the era of antimicrobial resistance, the prevalence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms that resist conventional antibiotic treatment has steadily increased. Thus, it is now unquestionable that infectious diseases are significant global burdens that urgently require innovative treatment strategies. Emerging studies have demonstrated that artificial intelligence (AI) can transform drug delivery to promote effective treatment of infectious diseases. In this review, we propose to evaluate the significance, essential principles, and popular tools of AI in drug delivery for infectious disease treatment. Specifically, we will focus on the achievements and key findings of current research, as well as the applications of AI on drug delivery throughout the whole antimicrobial treatment process, with an emphasis on drug development, treatment regimen optimization, drug delivery system and administration route design, and drug delivery outcome prediction. To that end, the challenges of AI in drug delivery for infectious disease treatments and their current solutions and future perspective will be presented and discussed.

在抗生素耐药时代，对常规抗生素治疗产生耐药性的多重耐药微生物的流行率稳步上升。因此，毫无疑问，传染病是严重的全球负担，迫切需要创新的治疗策略。新兴研究表明，人工智能 (AI) 可以改变药物输送方式，促进传染病的有效治疗。在这篇综述中，我们建议评估人工智能在传染病治疗药物输送中的意义、基本原则和流行工具。具体而言，我们将重点关注当前研究的成果和主要发现，以及人工智能在整个抗菌治疗过程中的药物递送应用，重点是药物开发，治疗方案优化、给药系统和给药途径设计、给药结果预测。为此，将介绍和讨论人工智能在传染病治疗药物输送中的挑战及其当前解决方案和未来前景。