Light field microscopy (LFM) has been widely used for recording 3D biological dynamics at camera frame rate. However, LFM suffers from artifact contaminations due to the illness of the reconstruction problem via naïve Richardson–Lucy (RL) deconvolution. Moreover, the performance of LFM significantly dropped in low-light conditions due to the absence of sample priors. In this paper, we thoroughly analyze different kinds of artifacts and present a new LFM technique termed dictionary LFM (DiLFM) that substantially suppresses various kinds of reconstruction artifacts and improves the noise robustness with an over-complete dictionary. We demonstrate artifact-suppressed reconstructions in scattering samples such as Drosophila embryos and brains. Furthermore, we show our DiLFM can achieve robust blood cell counting in noisy conditions by imaging blood cell dynamic at 100 Hz and unveil more neurons in whole-brain calcium recording of zebrafish with low illumination power in vivo.

光场显微镜 (LFM) 已广泛用于以相机帧速率记录 3D 生物动力学。然而，由于通过朴素的 Richardson-Lucy (RL) 反卷积的重建问题的疾病，LFM 遭受伪影污染。此外，由于缺乏样本先验，LFM 的性能在弱光条件下显着下降。在本文中，我们彻底分析了不同种类的伪影，并提出了一种称为字典 LFM (DiLFM) 的新 LFM 技术，该技术实质上抑制了各种重建伪影，并通过过完备字典提高了噪声鲁棒性。我们在果蝇等散射样本中展示了伪影抑制重建胚胎和大脑。此外，我们展示了我们的 DiLFM 可以通过在 100 Hz 下对血细胞动态成像，在嘈杂条件下实现稳健的血细胞计数，并在体内低光照功率的斑马鱼全脑钙记录中揭示更多神经元。