Occupational health and safety (OHS) is a multidisciplinary activity aimed at recognizing, evaluating and controlling hazards arising in or from the workplace that could impair the health and well-being of workers. In dealing with an OHS risk analysis problem, it is a crucial step and also a big challenge to assess the risk of occupational hazards. Normally, domain experts tend to use qualitative words to express the risk of occupational hazards due to the fuzziness of human cognition, and multiple risk criteria are often involved in the OHS risk analysis. In this study, we develop a new OHS risk assessment framework by integrating the TODIM (an acronym in Portuguese for interactive and multicriteria decision-making) and preference ranking organization method for enrichment evaluations (PROMETHEE) methods to assess and rank the risk of occupational hazards under linguistic spherical fuzzy environment. The linguistic spherical fuzzy sets are utilized to deal with the vague and uncertain risk assessments of occupational hazards provided by experts. An integrated TODIM-PROMETHEE algorithm is introduced to determine the risk priority of the identified occupational hazards. Moreover, we extend the indifference threshold-based attribute ratio analysis method to derive the relative weights of risk criteria based on linguistic spherical fuzzy information. Finally, the OHS risk analysis of medical staff in a hospital is presented to illustrate the effectiveness and availability of our proposed model. Results show that the TODIM-PROMETHEE framework being developed in this study provides a useful, effective, and practical way for the risk assessment of occupational hazards in OHS.

中文翻译：

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在语言球形模糊环境下使用集成的 TODIM-PROMETHEE 模型进行职业健康和安全风险评估

职业健康与安全 (OHS) 是一项多学科活动，旨在识别、评估和控制工作场所中或来自工作场所的可能损害工人健康和福祉的危害。在处理职业健康安全风险分析问题时，评估职业危害风险是关键的一步，也是一个巨大的挑战。通常，由于人类认知的模糊性，领域专家倾向于使用定性词来表达职业危害的风险，并且在OHS风险分析中经常涉及多个风险标准。在这项研究中，我们通过整合 TODIM（葡萄牙语中交互式和多标准决策的首字母缩写词）和用于丰富评估的偏好排序组织方法 (PROMETHEE) 方法来开发新的 OHS 风险评估框架，以评估和排序语言球形模糊下的职业危害风险环境。利用语言球形模糊集来处理专家提供的职业危害的模糊和不确定的风险评估。引入了集成的 TODIM-PROMETHEE 算法来确定已识别职业危害的风险优先级。此外，我们扩展了基于无差异阈值的属性比率分析方法，以基于语言球形模糊信息导出风险标准的相对权重。最后，提出了医院医务人员的 OHS 风险分析，以说明我们提出的模型的有效性和可用性。结果表明，本研究中正在开发的 TODIM-PROMETHEE 框架为 OHS 职业危害风险评估提供了有用、有效和实用的方法。