Relaxation and diffusion NMR measurements offer an approach to studying rotational and translational motion of molecules non-invasively, and they also provide chemical resolution complementary to NMR spectra. Multidimensional experiments enable the correlation of relaxation and diffusion parameters as well as the observation of molecular exchange phenomena through relaxation or diffusion contrast. This review describes how to accelerate multidimensional relaxation and diffusion measurements significantly through spatial encoding. This so-called ultrafast Laplace NMR approach shortens the experiment time to a fraction and makes even single-scan experiments possible. Single-scan experiments, in turn, significantly facilitate the use of nuclear spin hyperpolarization methods to boost sensitivity. The ultrafast Laplace NMR method is also applicable with low-field, mobile NMR instruments, and it can be exploited in many disciplines. For example, it has been used in studies of the dynamics of fluids in porous materials, identification of intra- and extracellular metabolites in cancer cells, and elucidation of aggregation phenomena in atmospheric surfactant solutions.

弛豫和扩散 NMR 测量提供了一种非侵入性研究分子旋转和平移运动的方法，它们还提供与 NMR 光谱互补的化学分辨率。多维实验能够关联弛豫和扩散参数以及通过弛豫或扩散对比观察分子交换现象。本综述描述了如何通过空间编码显着加速多维弛豫和扩散测量。这种所谓的超快拉普拉斯核磁共振方法将实验时间缩短到一小部分，甚至可以进行单次扫描实验。反过来，单次扫描实验显着促进了使用核自旋超极化方法来提高灵敏度。超快拉普拉斯核磁共振方法也适用于低场、移动核磁共振仪器，可用于许多学科。例如，它已用于研究多孔材料中的流体动力学、鉴定癌细胞中的细胞内和细胞外代谢物，以及阐明大气表面活性剂溶液中的聚集现象。