ABSTRACT This article contributes an ethnographic on-the-ground perspective of gawai rituals in their crucial twilight phase among the Iban in the Kapit district of Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. It reveals the processes and actors involved in these ceremonies in Iban communities in Kapit. It explores the reasons for the decline in frequency of these events, and identifies cost, migration and a loss of expertise as the main contributors to this trend. A rich and detailed perspective was gathered through accompanying a lemambang (Iban religious leader), when he officiated at these rituals. This access was enormously important for revealing the subtleties of the various rituals and allowed for the understanding of the active and inactive components of the gawai to be revealed and explored. This contribution is theoretically and practically relevant because it updates the perspective of the 1970s when gawai culture was flourishing in Iban rural life, and further explains the categories of the gawai in a fresh and expanded light. By exploring what was regarded as a disappearing culture, this article captures the continuing practice of these rituals and their significance in the social life of the Iban.

中文翻译：

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黄昏时分，马来西亚 Kapit 的 Iban gawai 仪式

摘要 本文提供了马来西亚婆罗洲沙捞越 Kapit 区伊班人在关键暮光阶段的 gawai 仪式的民族志实地视角。它揭示了卡皮特伊班族社区参与这些仪式的过程和参与者。它探讨了这些事件频率下降的原因，并将成本、迁移和专业知识的流失确定为这一趋势的主要因素。一位 lemambang（伊班宗教领袖）主持这些仪式时，他的陪同下收集了丰富而详细的观点。这种访问对于揭示各种仪式的微妙之处非常重要，并允许了解被揭示和探索的 gawai 的活跃和非活跃组成部分。这一贡献在理论上和实践上都具有相关性，因为它更新了 1970 年代伊班农村生活中卡瓦伊文化蓬勃发展的观点，并进一步以新鲜和扩展的方式解释了卡瓦伊的类别。通过探索被视为正在消失的文化，本文捕捉了这些仪式的持续实践及其在伊班人社会生活中的意义。