Crop rotation is an ecologically crucial phenomenon for the sustainable development of plastic shed production systems, possibly affecting soil properties and microbiome structure. However, little is known about how soil microbial shifts in cropping system capacity could play a key role in agroecosystem functions under different soil environmental conditions. Here, we examined the high-throughput sequencing of soil microbial community structures and characterized key microbes or ecological functions under environmental changes after seven years of plastic shed cucumber planted soil. The results showed that coriander-cucumber (CC), non-heading Chinese cabbage-cucumber (NCCC), and spinach-cucumber (SC) rotation systems significantly impacted the succession of microbial community structure than fallow-cucumber (FC). In particular, NCCC rotation altered the beneficial soil microbial shift by promoting more antagonistic microbial abundance than leafy lettuce-cucumber (LLC) rotations or FC cropping. Both NCCC and CC rotations have affected mainly the pathways of energy metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism. Soil available nitrogen (N) and soil organic matter were the key factors in the succession of bacterial metabolic functions. Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and mycorrhizal taxa were significantly contributed to soil N-cycles (nitrification, nitrate reduction, and N-fixation). Acidobacteria and Ascomycota are potential candidates for hydrocarbon and aromatic compound degradations. The pH-dependent Bacteroidetes in NCCC1 group increased the function of metalloid metabolism and suggested as an indicator of arsenic (As)-rhizoremediation. The functional shift in the soil fungal community under NCCC2 and CC1 groups was primarily related to symbiotrophs, while available potassium and available phosphorus served as significant predictors of fungal functional guilds. The findings indicated that certain cropping systems are crucial for the sustainable development of plastic shed cucumber production by improving the potential capabilities of soil microbial communities to reduce the environmental risk of soil contaminants.

轮作是塑料棚生产系统可持续发展的生态关键现象，可能影响土壤特性和微生物组结构。然而，关于土壤微生物在耕作系统容量中的变化如何在不同土壤环境条件下对农业生态系统功能起关键作用的知之甚少。在这里，我们研究了塑料棚黄瓜种植土壤七年后土壤微生物群落结构的高通量测序，并描述了环境变化下关键微生物或生态功能的特征。结果表明，香菜黄瓜（CC），非抽头大白菜黄瓜（NCCC）和菠菜黄瓜（SC）轮换系统比休闲黄瓜（FC）显着影响微生物群落结构的演替。特别是，NCCC轮作通过提高比叶生菜黄瓜（LLC）轮作或FC种植增加的拮抗微生物丰度，改变了土壤的有益微生物迁移。NCCC和CC旋转都主要影响能量代谢和碳水化合物代谢的途径。土壤有效氮（N）和土壤有机质是影响细菌代谢功能的关键因素。蓝细菌，菌毛，放线菌和菌根类群对土壤的氮循环（硝化作用，硝酸盐还原作用和固氮作用）有显着贡献。酸性细菌和子囊菌是碳氢化合物和芳香族化合物降解的潜在候选者。pH依赖的拟杆菌在NCCC1组中，增加了类金属代谢的功能，并建议作为砷（As）-根瘤菌修复的指标。NCCC2和CC1组下土壤真菌群落的功能变化主要与共生体有关，而有效钾和有效磷可作为真菌功能协会的重要预测指标。研究结果表明，某些耕作制度通过提高土壤微生物群落减少土壤污染物的环境风险的能力，对于塑料棚黄瓜生产的可持续发展至关重要。