With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the emergence of 5G, traditional silicon-based electronics no longer fully meet market demands such as nonplanar application scenarios due to mechanical mismatch. This provides unprecedented opportunities for flexible electronics that bypass the physical rigidity through the introduction of flexible materials. In recent decades, biological materials with outstanding biocompatibility and biodegradability, which are considered some of the most promising candidates for next-generation flexible electronics, have received increasing attention, e.g., silk fibroin, cellulose, pectin, chitosan, and melanin. Among them, silk fibroin presents greater superiorities in biocompatibility and biodegradability, and moreover, it also possesses a variety of attractive properties, such as adjustable water solubility, remarkable optical transmittance, high mechanical robustness, light weight, and ease of processing, which are partially or even completely lacking in other biological materials. Therefore, silk fibroin has been widely used as fundamental components for the construction of biocompatible flexible electronics, particularly for wearable and implantable devices. Furthermore, in recent years, more attention has been paid to the investigation of the functional characteristics of silk fibroin, such as the dielectric properties, piezoelectric properties, strong ability to lose electrons, and sensitivity to environmental variables. Here, this paper not only reviews the preparation technologies for various forms of silk fibroin and the recent progress in the use of silk fibroin as a fundamental material but also focuses on the recent advanced works in which silk fibroin serves as functional components. Additionally, the challenges and future development of silk fibroin-based flexible electronics are summarized.

随着物联网（IoT）的快速发展和5G的出现，传统的硅基电子产品因机械失配而无法完全满足非平面应用场景等市场需求。这为通过引入柔性材料绕过物理刚性的柔性电子产品提供了前所未有的机会。近几十年来，具有优异生物相容性和生物降解性的生物材料被认为是下一代柔性电子产品最有前途的候选材料，例如丝素蛋白、纤维素、果胶、壳聚糖和黑色素等，受到越来越多的关注。其中，丝素蛋白在生物相容性和生物降解性方面表现出更大的优势，此外，它还具有多种吸引人的特性，如水溶性可调、透光率显着、机械强度高、重量轻、易于加工等，这些是其他生物材料部分甚至完全缺乏的。因此，丝素蛋白已被广泛用作构建生物相容性柔性电子产品的基本成分，特别是用于可穿戴和可植入设备。此外，近年来，对丝素蛋白的介电特性、压电特性、强大的失电子能力以及对环境变量的敏感性等功能特性的研究越来越受到关注。这里，本文不仅回顾了各种形式的丝素蛋白的制备技术和最近使用丝素蛋白作为基础材料的进展，而且重点介绍了最近以丝素蛋白作为功能成分的研究进展。此外，总结了基于丝素蛋白的柔性电子产品的挑战和未来发展。