Valvular heart disease is common and increasingly prevalent among the elderly. The end result of valvular pathologies is cardiac failure and can lead to sudden death; thus, diagnosis and interventions are very important in the early stages of these diseases. The usual treatment methods of mitral regurgitation include percutaneous mitral valve repair, mitral valve replacement and minimally invasive surgery, whereas the treatment methods of mitral stenosis include percutaneous transluminal mitral commissurotomy and mitral commissurotomy as well as open surgical repair. Nonetheless, ongoing clinical trials are a clear indicator that the management of valve diseases is ever evolving. The focus of this paper is on the various pathologies of the mitral valve, their etiology and clinical management, offering a comprehensive view of mitral valve diseases.

心脏瓣膜病在老年人中很常见并且越来越普遍。瓣膜病变的最终结果是心力衰竭并可能导致猝死；因此，在这些疾病的早期阶段，诊断和干预非常重要。二尖瓣关闭不全的常用治疗方法包括经皮二尖瓣修复术、二尖瓣置换术和微创手术，而二尖瓣狭窄的治疗方法包括经皮腔内二尖瓣连合切开术和二尖瓣连合切开术以及开放手术修复。尽管如此，正在进行的临床试验清楚地表明瓣膜疾病的管理在不断发展。本文的重点是二尖瓣的各种病理、病因和临床管理，提供二尖瓣疾病的全面视图。