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Understanding the Laundering of Organized Crime Money
Crime and Justice ( IF 4.045 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 , DOI: 10.1086/708047
Mike Levi , Melvin Soudijn

Four conditions influence the complexity of organized crime money laundering. First are diverse types of crime and forms in which proceeds are generated, including the type of payment, the visibility of crimes to victims or authorities, and the lapse before financial investigation occurs (if it does). Second, the amount of individual net profits causes differences between criminals who have no use for laundering, who self-launder, and who need assistance from third parties. Third are the offender’s goals and preferences in spending and investing crime proceeds. Investments are often close to home or country; some opt to wield power, but much is freely spent on a hedonistic lifestyle. Fourth, expected and actual levels of scrutiny and intervention of the anti–money laundering regime influence saving and reinvestment decisions and some arrests and confiscations, but there is no clear cause-and-effect relationship. The four conditions can intertwine in numerous ways. When conditions necessitate or stimulate more complex laundering schemes, this is reflected not only in techniques but also in social networks that emerge or are preconditions. Complex cases often depend on the assistance of professionals, outsiders to the criminal’s usual circle, who are hired to solve particular financial and jurisdictional bottlenecks.

中文翻译:

了解有组织犯罪资金的洗钱

有四个条件影响有组织犯罪洗钱的复杂性。首先是各种类型的犯罪和产生收益的形式,包括支付的类型,犯罪对受害者或当局的可见性以及在进行金融调查之前(如果有的话)的时效。其次,个人纯利润的数量导致了没有洗钱用途,自洗钱活动以及需要第三方协助的罪犯之间的差异。第三是罪犯在支出和投资犯罪收益方面的目标和偏好。投资通常靠近本国或乡村;有些人选择行使权力,但很多人则自由地花在享乐主义的生活方式上。第四,反洗钱制度预期和实际的审查和干预水平会影响储蓄和再投资的决定以及一些逮捕和没收,但没有明确的因果关系。这四个条件可以多种方式交织在一起。当条件需要或刺激更复杂的洗涤方案时,这不仅体现在技术上,而且还体现在出现的或作为前提的社交网络中。复杂的案件通常取决于专业人员,犯罪分子通常圈外人的协助,他们被雇用来解决特定的财务和司法瓶颈。这不仅反映在技术上,还反映在出现的或作为前提的社交网络中。复杂的案件通常取决于专业人员,犯罪分子通常圈外人的协助,他们被雇用来解决特定的财务和司法瓶颈。这不仅反映在技术上,还反映在出现的或作为前提的社交网络中。复杂的案件通常取决于专业人员,犯罪分子通常圈外人的协助,他们被雇用来解决特定的财务和司法瓶颈。
更新日期:2020-07-01
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