The diagnosis of psychopathologies in nonhuman primates has received increasing interest in the last decade. However, only a limited number of categories of pathology have been diagnosed in some chimpanzees exclusively by using adapted versions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). With this in mind, we have created a questionnaire for the assessment of psychopathologies in twenty-three rescued ex-performer and ex-pet chimpanzees, based on an inclusion-exclusion adaptation of the 5^th Edition of the DSM. A total of 70 items were retained for the Chimpanzee Psychopathology Questionnaire (CPQ), according to three main criteria: deleting those that could not be applied to the subjects, retaining those that could be applied and adapted when needed. Principal components analysis and regularized exploratory factor analysis revealed nine statistically significant factors with acceptable standards of interrater reliability and validity, accounting for 70.78 % of the variance. The factors obtained were clear and similar to some of the main categories of diagnosis for humans. Nevertheless, the limitation of the sample, the subjectivity in the creation of the questionnaire, as well as the theoretical and methodological challenges of the adaptation of the DSM to chimpanzees, led to the fact that the this research should be considered as a first contact study on the identification of disorder categories in a group of chimpanzees. The main purpose of this study is to start a debate in order to promote research on psychopathology in chimpanzees and other animals. Likewise, it is important to emphasize that the diagnosis of psychiatric disorders in chimpanzees could be translated to important pragmatic aspects for the species related to awareness, legal implications, welfare and comparative psychopathology.

在过去的十年中，非人类灵长类动物对精神病理学的诊断越来越受到关注。但是，仅通过使用改编的《精神疾病诊断和统计手册》（DSM），在某些黑猩猩中仅诊断出了数量有限的病理类别。考虑到这一点，我们根据第5^次纳入-排除改编，创建了一份问卷，用于评估23名获救的前黑猩猩和前黑猩猩的心理病理学DSM版本。根据三项主要标准，总共为黑猩猩心理病理学问卷（CPQ）保留了70项内容：删除那些不适用于受试者的内容，保留那些可以在需要时进行应用和修改的内容。主成分分析和常规探索性因素分析显示，九个具有统计学意义的因素具有可接受的标准间信度和效度，占变异的70.78％。获得的因素是明确的，并且与人类诊断的一些主要类别相似。尽管如此，样本的局限性，创建问卷的主观性以及DSM适应黑猩猩的理论和方法挑战，导致这一事实，即这项研究应被视为对一组黑猩猩疾病类别进行识别的首次接触研究。这项研究的主要目的是展开辩论，以促进对黑猩猩和其他动物的精神病理学研究。同样，必须强调的是，黑猩猩的精神疾病的诊断可以转化为与意识，法律意义，福利和比较精神病理学有关的物种的重要务实方面。