According to the conventional theory, a reversible amount of heat is created or consumed in a reversible working galvanic cell. This heat is induced by the reaction entropy and occurs during current flow. The reaction entropy describes the change of the open circuit voltage due to a temperature change of the cell. The cells new equilibrium voltage is described by the Nernst equation. In this article, it is shown that such reversible heat is not in line with the second law of thermodynamics. Thus, a new theory was developed according to which the reversible heat does not exist. Instead, it is shown that the temperature changes in galvanic systems like lithium ion batteries result from a change of the total heat capacity in dependence of its state of charge, while the total heat remains constant. This change in heat capacity is generated through the internal particle transport. Overall, this leads to a general theory for the converted reversible energy and its power in galvanic cells.

根据常规理论，在可逆工作原电池中产生或消耗了可逆热量。这种热量是由反应熵引起的，并在电流流动期间发生。反应熵描述了由于电池温度变化引起的开路电压的变化。电池的新平衡电压由能斯特方程式描述。在本文中，表明这种可逆热不符合热力学第二定律。因此，发展了一种新的理论，据此不存在可逆热。取而代之的是，显示出诸如锂离子电池的电流系统中的温度变化是由总热容量根据其充电状态的变化引起的，而总热保持恒定。热容量的这种变化是通过内部颗粒传输产生的。总的来说，这导致了关于原电池中可逆能量及其转换的一般理论。