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An Enzymatic TMPRSS2 Assay for Assessment of Clinical Candidates and Discovery of Inhibitors as Potential Treatment of COVID-19
ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science ( IF 4.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-07 , DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00106
Jonathan H Shrimp 1 , Stephen C Kales 1 , Philip E Sanderson 1 , Anton Simeonov 1 , Min Shen 1 , Matthew D Hall 1
Affiliation  

SARS-CoV-2 is the viral pathogen causing the COVID19 global pandemic. Consequently, much research has gone into the development of preclinical assays for the discovery of new or repurposing of FDA-approved therapies. Preventing viral entry into a host cell would be an effective antiviral strategy. One mechanism for SARS-CoV-2 entry occurs when the spike protein on the surface of SARS-CoV-2 binds to an ACE2 receptor followed by cleavage at two cut sites (“priming”) that causes a conformational change allowing for viral and host membrane fusion. TMPRSS2 has an extracellular protease domain capable of cleaving the spike protein to initiate membrane fusion. A validated inhibitor of TMPRSS2 protease activity would be a valuable tool for studying the impact TMPRSS2 has in viral entry and potentially be an effective antiviral therapeutic. To enable inhibitor discovery and profiling of FDA-approved therapeutics, we describe an assay for the biochemical screening of recombinant TMPRSS2 suitable for high throughput application. We demonstrate effectiveness to quantify inhibition down to subnanomolar concentrations by assessing the inhibition of camostat, nafamostat, and gabexate, clinically approved agents in Japan. Also, we profiled a camostat metabolite, FOY-251, and bromhexine hydrochloride, an FDA-approved mucolytic cough suppressant. The rank order potency for the compounds tested are nafamostat (IC50 = 0.27 nM), camostat (IC50 = 6.2 nM), FOY-251 (IC50 = 33.3 nM), and gabexate (IC50 = 130 nM). Bromhexine hydrochloride showed no inhibition of TMPRSS2. Further profiling of camostat, nafamostat, and gabexate against a panel of recombinant proteases provides insight into selectivity and potency.

中文翻译:

用于评估临床候选者和发现抑制剂作为 COVID-19 潜在治疗方法的酶 TMPRSS2 测定

SARS-CoV-2 是导致新冠肺炎全球大流行的病毒病原体。因此,许多研究都投入到临床前检测的开发上,以发现新的或重新利用 FDA 批准的疗法。防止病毒进入宿主细胞将是一种有效的抗病毒策略。当 SARS-CoV-2 表面的刺突蛋白与 ACE2 受体结合,然后在两个切割位点进行切割(“引发”)时,就会发生 SARS-CoV-2 进入的一种机制,从而导致构象变化,从而允许病毒和宿主进入膜融合。TMPRSS2 具有胞外蛋白酶结构域,能够裂解刺突蛋白以启动膜融合。经过验证的 TMPRSS2 蛋白酶活性抑制剂将成为研究 TMPRSS2 对病毒进入的影响的宝贵工具,并可能成为有效的抗病毒治疗方法。为了实现 FDA 批准的治疗药物的抑制剂发现和分析,我们描述了一种适合高通量应用的重组 TMPRSS2 生化筛选测定方法。我们通过评估日本临床批准的卡莫司他、萘莫司他和加贝酯的抑制作用,证明了量化低至亚纳摩尔浓度的抑制作用的有效性。此外,我们还分析了卡莫司他代谢物 FOY-251 和盐酸溴己新(FDA 批准的粘液溶解止咳药)。测试化合物的效力排序为nafamostat (IC 50 = 0.27 nM)、camostat (IC 50 = 6.2 nM)、FOY-251 (IC 50 = 33.3 nM) 和gabexate (IC 50 = 130 nM)。盐酸溴己新对 TMPRSS2 没有抑制作用。针对一组重组蛋白酶对卡莫司他、萘莫司他和加贝酯进行进一步分析,可深入了解选择性和效力。
更新日期:2020-10-11
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