Purpose of Review

South Asia is highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, owing to the high dependency on climate-sensitive livelihoods and recurrent extreme events. Consequently, an increasing number of households are adopting labour migration as a livelihood strategy to diversify incomes, spread risks, and meet aspirations. Under the Collaborative Adaptation Research Initiative in Africa and Asia (CARIAA) initiative, four research consortia have investigated migration patterns and their inherent linkages to adaptation to climate change in climate hotspots. This article synthesizes key findings in regional context of South Asia.

Recent Findings

The synthesis suggests that in climate-sensitive hotspots, migration is an important livelihood diversification strategy and a response to various risks, including climate change. Typically, one or more household members, often young men, migrated internally or internationally to work in predominantly informal sectors. Remittances helped spatially diversify household income, spread risks, and insure against external stressors. The outcomes of migration are often influenced by who moves, where to, and what capacities they possess.

Summary

Migration was found to help improve household adaptive capacity, albeit in a limited capacity. Migration was mainly used as a response to risk and uncertainty, but with potential to have positive adaptation co-benefits.

中文翻译：

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南亚气候敏感热点地区的迁徙和家庭适应

审查目的

由于高度依赖对气候敏感的生计和经常性的极端事件，南亚极易受到气候变化的影响。因此，越来越多的家庭将劳务移民作为谋生策略，以实现收入多样化，分散风险和实现愿望。根据非洲和亚洲合作适应研究计划（CARIAA）的倡议，四个研究财团研究了移民模式及其与气候热点地区适应气候变化的内在联系。本文综合了南亚地区背景下的主要发现。

最近的发现

综合表明，在对气候敏感的热点地区，迁徙是一项重要的谋生手段，也是对包括气候变化在内的各种风险的应对。通常，一个或多个家庭成员（通常是年轻人）在国内或国际上移民，主要在非正式部门工作。汇款有助于在空间上分散家庭收入，分散风险，并确保免受外部压力。迁移的结果通常受谁移动，移动到哪里以及拥有什么能力的影响。

概要

尽管迁移能力有限，但发现可以帮助提高家庭适应能力。迁移主要用于应对风险和不确定性，但有可能带来积极的适应共存效益。