Cystic echinococcosis is a worldwide chronic zoonotic disease that threatens human health and animal husbandry. Exosome-like vesicles (ELVs) have emerged recently as mediators in the parasite–parasite intercommunication and parasite–host interactions. Exosome-like vesicles from parasites can transfer non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) into host cells to regulate their gene expression; however, the ncRNAs profiles of the ELVs from Echinococcus granulosus remain unknown. Here, we isolated protoscolece (PSC)–ELVs and hydatid fluid (HF)–ELVs from the culture medium for E. granulosus PSCs in vitro and the HF of fertile sheep cysts, respectively. The microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA) profiles of the two types of ELVs were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing, and their functions were predicted using Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis. In PSC–ELVs and HF–ELVs, 118 and 58 miRNAs were identified, respectively, among which 53 miRNAs were present in both ELVs, whereas 65 and 5 miRNAs were unique to PSC–ELVs and HF–ELVs, respectively; 2,361 and 1,254 lncRNAs were identified in PSC–ELVs and HF–ELVs, respectively, among which 1,004 lncRNAs were present in both ELVs, whereas 1,357 and 250 lncRNAs were unique to PSC–ELVs and HF–ELVs, respectively. Intriguingly, the spilled PSCs from cysts excrete ELVs with higher numbers of and higher expression levels of miRNAs and circRNAs than HF–ELVs. The miRNA sequencing data were validated by quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, the target lncRNAs and mRNAs regulated by the 20 most abundant miRNAs were screened, and a ceRNA regulatory network containing 5 miRNAs, 41 lncRNAs, and 23 mRNAs was constructed, which provided new ideas and the molecular basis for further clarification of the function and mechanism of E. granulosus ELVs ncRNAs in the parasite–host interactions. Egr-miR-125-5p and egr-miR-10a-5p, sharing identical seed sites with host miRNAs, were predicted to mediate inflammatory response, collagen catabolic process, and mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade during parasite infections. In conclusion, for the first time, we identified the ncRNAs profiles in PSC–ELVs and HF–ELVs that might be involved in host immunity and pathogenesis, and enriched the ncRNAs data of E. granulosus. These results provided valuable resources for further analysis of the regulatory potential of ncRNAs, especially miRNAs, in both types of ELVs at the parasite–host interface.

囊性包虫病是一种威胁人类健康和畜牧业的世界性慢性人畜共患病。外泌体样囊泡 (ELV) 最近作为寄生虫-寄生虫相互作用和寄生虫-宿主相互作用的介质出现。来自寄生虫的外泌体样囊泡可以将非编码 RNA (ncRNA) 转移到宿主细胞中以调节其基因表达；然而，来自 ELVs 的 ncRNAs 谱细粒棘球绦虫仍然未知。在这里，我们从培养基中分离出 protoscolece (PSC)-ELVs 和包虫液 (HF)-ELVsE. 细粒PSC体外和肥沃绵羊囊肿的HF，分别。采用高通量测序分析两种ELVs的microRNA（miRNA）、长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）和环状RNA（circRNA）谱，并使用Gene Ontology富集和京都基因百科全书预测其功能和基因组通路分析。在 PSC-ELV 和 HF-ELV 中，分别鉴定出 118 和 58 种 miRNA，其中 53 种 miRNA 存在于两种 ELV 中，而 65 和 5 种 miRNA 分别是 PSC-ELV 和 HF-ELV 独有的；在 PSC-ELV 和 HF-ELV 中分别鉴定出 2,361 和 1,254 个 lncRNA，其中 1,004 个 lncRNA 存在于两种 ELV 中，而 PSC-ELV 和 HF-ELV 分别有 1,357 和 250 个 lncRNA。耐人寻味的是，与 HF-ELVs 相比，囊肿中溢出的 PSCs 分泌的 ELVs 的 miRNAs 和 circRNAs 的数量和表达水平更高。miRNA测序数据通过定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应进行验证。此外，筛选出20个最丰富的miRNA调控的靶lncRNA和mRNA，构建了包含5个miRNA、41个lncRNA和23个mRNA的ceRNA调控网络，为进一步阐明其功能和功能提供了新的思路和分子基础。的机制E. 细粒寄生虫-宿主相互作用中的 ELVs ncRNA。Egr-miR-125-5p 和 egr-miR-10a-5p 与宿主 miRNA 共享相同的种子位点，预计在寄生虫感染期间介导炎症反应、胶原分解代谢过程和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶级联。总之，我们首次鉴定了 PSC-ELVs 和 HF-ELVs 中可能参与宿主免疫和发病机制的 ncRNAs 谱，并丰富了 ncRNAs 数据。E. 细粒. 这些结果为进一步分析在寄生虫-宿主界面的两种 ELVs 中 ncRNAs，尤其是 miRNAs 的调控潜力提供了宝贵的资源。