The Organization of Behavior has played a significant part in the development of behavioural neuroscience for the last 70 years. This book introduced the concepts of the "Hebb synapse", the "Hebbian cell assembly" and the "Phase sequence". The most frequently cited of these is the Hebb synapse, but the cell assembly may be Hebb's most important contribution. Even after 70 years, Hebb's theory is still relevant because it is a general framework for relating behavior to synaptic organization through the development of neural networks. The Organization of Behavior was Hebb's 40th publication. His first published papers in 1937 were on the innate organization of the visual system and he first used the phrase "the organization of behavior" in 1938. However, Hebb wrote a number of unpublished papers between 1932 and 1945 in which he developed the ideas published in The Organization of Behavior. Thus, the concept of the neural organization of behavior was central to Hebb's thinking from the beginning of his academic career. But his thinking about the organization of behavior in 1949 was different from what it was between 1932 and 1937. This paper examines Hebb's early ideas on the neural basis of behavior and attempts to trace the rather arduous series of steps through which he developed these ideas into the book that was published as The Organization of Behavior. Using the 1946 typescript and Hebb's correspondence we can see a number of changes made in the book before it was published. Finally, a number of issues arising from the book, and the importance of the book today are discussed.

中文翻译：

---

唐纳德·赫布（Donald O. Hebb）和行为组织：写作17年。

在过去的70年中，行为组织在行为神经科学的发展中发挥了重要作用。本书介绍了“ Hebb突触”，“ Hebbian细胞装配体”和“阶段序列”的概念。其中最常引用的是赫布突触，但细胞组装可能是赫布最重要的贡献。甚至在70年之后，赫布的理论仍然有用，因为它是通过神经网络的发展将行为与突触组织联系起来的通用框架。行为组织是赫布的第40期出版物。他于1937年发表的第一批论文是关于视觉系统的固有组织的，他于1938年首次使用了“行为的组织”一词。赫布（Hebb）在1932年至1945年之间发表了许多未发表的论文，其中他提出了发表在《行为组织》中的观点。因此，行为的神经组织概念从赫伯的学术生涯开始就对赫伯的思想至关重要。但是他对1949年的行为组织的思考与1932年至1937年之间的思想有所不同。本文研究了赫布在行为的神经基础上的早期思想，并试图追溯一系列艰巨的步骤，通过这些步骤，他将这些思想发展为该书作为行为组织出版。使用1946年的打字稿和赫布的书信，我们可以看到书出版之前书中做了许多更改。最后，讨论了本书引起的许多问题以及本书的重要性。