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Crowding stress during the period of sex determination causes masculinization in pejerrey Odontesthes bonariensis, a fish with temperature-dependent sex determination.
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-13 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110701 Estefany L García-Cruz 1 , Yoji Yamamoto 1 , Ricardo S Hattori 2 , Larissa Monteiro de Vasconcelos 1 , Masashi Yokota 1 , Carlos A Strüssmann 1
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-13 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110701 Estefany L García-Cruz 1 , Yoji Yamamoto 1 , Ricardo S Hattori 2 , Larissa Monteiro de Vasconcelos 1 , Masashi Yokota 1 , Carlos A Strüssmann 1
Affiliation
The pejerrey is an atherinopsid species from South America that presents a combination of genotypic and environmental (temperature-dependent) sex determination whereby low and high temperatures induce feminization and masculinization, respectively. Masculinization involves a heat-induced stress response leading to increased circulating cortisol and androgens. We tested whether crowding would elicit a similar response as high temperature and affect the sex ratios of pejerrey. Larvae with XX and XY genotypes were reared at 15, 62 and 250 larvae/L in 0.4, 1.6, and 6.4 L containers during a period considered critical for sex determination at 25 °C, a mixed-sex promoting temperature. Fish were analysed at 3-7 weeks for whole-body cortisol and 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) titer and hydroxy-steroid dehydrogenase (hsd11b2) mRNA transcript abundance, and after completion of gonadal sex differentiation (10-14 weeks) for determination of phenotypic and genotypic sex mismatches. Crowding was associated with depressed growth, higher cortisol and 11-KT titers, increased hsd11b2 transcription, and increased frequency of masculinization compared to intermediate and/or low rearing densities. Perceived crowding (by rearing in containers with mirror-finish, reflecting walls) also caused masculinization. These results suggest the possibility that other environmental factors besides temperature can also affect sex determination in pejerrey and that a stress response leading to increased cortisol and androgen levels, which is potentially perceived by the brain, may be a common feature among different forms of environmental sex determination in this species.
中文翻译:
性别决定时期的人满为患会导致pejerrey Odontesthes bonariensis(一种取决于温度的性别决定鱼)的男性化。
pejerrey是一种来自南美的动脉粥样硬化物种,具有基因型和环境(温度依赖性)性别决定因素的组合,低温和高温分别导致女性化和男性化。男性化涉及热诱导的应激反应,导致循环皮质醇和雄激素增加。我们测试了拥挤是否会引起与高温相似的反应并影响佩杰里的性别比。在25°C(混合性别促进温度)下决定性别的关键时期,将具有XX和XY基因型的幼虫分别以15、62和250的幼虫/ L饲养在0.4、1.6和6.4 L的容器中。在3-7周时对鱼进行了全身皮质醇和11-酮睾酮(11-KT)滴度和羟基-甾类脱氢酶(hsd11b2)mRNA转录物丰度分析,在完成性腺性别分化后(10-14周),以确定表型和基因型性别不匹配。与中等和/或低饲养密度相比,拥挤与生长减慢,皮质醇和11-KT滴度更高,hsd11b2转录增加以及男性化频率增加有关。感觉到的拥挤(通过在带有镜面反射墙的容器中饲养)也引起了男性化。这些结果表明,除了温度以外,其他环境因素也可能影响佩杰里的性别决定,并且可能由大脑感知到的导致皮质醇和雄激素水平升高的应激反应可能是不同形式的环境性行为的共同特征。在这个物种的决心。
更新日期:2020-04-20
中文翻译:
性别决定时期的人满为患会导致pejerrey Odontesthes bonariensis(一种取决于温度的性别决定鱼)的男性化。
pejerrey是一种来自南美的动脉粥样硬化物种,具有基因型和环境(温度依赖性)性别决定因素的组合,低温和高温分别导致女性化和男性化。男性化涉及热诱导的应激反应,导致循环皮质醇和雄激素增加。我们测试了拥挤是否会引起与高温相似的反应并影响佩杰里的性别比。在25°C(混合性别促进温度)下决定性别的关键时期,将具有XX和XY基因型的幼虫分别以15、62和250的幼虫/ L饲养在0.4、1.6和6.4 L的容器中。在3-7周时对鱼进行了全身皮质醇和11-酮睾酮(11-KT)滴度和羟基-甾类脱氢酶(hsd11b2)mRNA转录物丰度分析,在完成性腺性别分化后(10-14周),以确定表型和基因型性别不匹配。与中等和/或低饲养密度相比,拥挤与生长减慢,皮质醇和11-KT滴度更高,hsd11b2转录增加以及男性化频率增加有关。感觉到的拥挤(通过在带有镜面反射墙的容器中饲养)也引起了男性化。这些结果表明,除了温度以外,其他环境因素也可能影响佩杰里的性别决定,并且可能由大脑感知到的导致皮质醇和雄激素水平升高的应激反应可能是不同形式的环境性行为的共同特征。在这个物种的决心。