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MRI-based synthetic CT: a new method for structural damage assessment in the spine in patients with axial spondyloarthritis – a comparison with low-dose CT and radiography Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Simone Tromborg Willesen, Anna EF Hadsbjerg, Jakob Møllenbach Møller, Nora Vladimirova, Bimal M K Vora, Sengül Seven, Susanne Juhl Pedersen, Mikkel Østergaard
Objective To investigate the ability of MRI-based synthetic CT (sCT), low-dose CT (ldCT) and radiography to detect spinal new bone formation (NBF) in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Methods Radiography of lumbar and cervical spine, ldCT and sCT of the entire spine were performed in 17 patients with axSpA. sCT was reconstructed using the BoneMRI application (V.1.6, MRIGuidance BV, Utrecht
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Lupus low disease activity state attainment in the phase 3 TULIP trials of anifrolumab in active systemic lupus erythematosus Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism
Morand EF, Abreu G, Furie RA, et al . Lupus low disease activity state attainment in the phase 3 TULIP trials of anifrolumab in active systemic lupus erythematosus. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2023;82:639-645. This note aims to correct an error in the DORIS (Definition of Remission in SLE) data in the Morand E, et al . (2023) article. In the version of this article initially published, analyses
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Clinical image: tophus in the sternoclavicular joint Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Si Chen, Fengjing Liu, Jie Chen, Geng Gu, Haoyong Yu
A 51-year-old man presented with persistent pain localised to the right clavicle after consuming 1600 mL of beer. The patient has a medical history of gout but no history of trauma or infection at the lesion site. Physical examination showed that the patient’s temperature was of 37.4°C, presenting only pain in the right sternoclavicular joint and no symptoms of pain in any other joint. Laboratory examination
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Primary osteoarthritis chondrocyte map of chromatin conformation reveals novel candidate effector genes Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Norbert Bittner, Chenfu Shi, Danyun Zhao, James Ding, Lorraine Southam, Diane Swift, Peter Kreitmaier, Mauro Tutino, Odysseas Stergiou, Jackson T S Cheung, Georgia Katsoula, Jenny Hankinson, Jeremy Mark Wilkinson, Gisela Orozco, Eleftheria Zeggini
Objectives Osteoarthritis is a complex disease with a huge public health burden. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified hundreds of osteoarthritis-associated sequence variants, but the effector genes underpinning these signals remain largely elusive. Understanding chromosome organisation in three-dimensional (3D) space is essential for identifying long-range contacts between distant
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Unmet need in rheumatology: reports from the Advances in Targeted Therapies meeting, 2023 Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Kevin L Winthrop, Philip Mease, Andreas Kerschbaumer, Reinhard E Voll, Ferdinand C Breedveld, Josef S Smolen, Jacques-Eric Gottenberg, Xenofon Baraliakos, Hans P Kiener, Daniel Aletaha, John D Isaacs, Maya H Buch, Mary K Crow, Jonathan Kay, Leslie Crofford, Ronald F van Vollenhoven, Caroline Ospelt, Stefan Siebert, Margreet Kloppenburg, Iain B McInnes, Tom WJ Huizinga, Ellen M Gravallese
The Advances in Targeted Therapies meets annually, convening experts in the field of rheumatology to both provide scientific updates and identify existing scientific gaps within the field. To review the major unmet scientific needs in rheumatology. The 23rd annual Advances in Targeted Therapies meeting convened with more than 100 international basic scientists and clinical researchers in rheumatology
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Morris Ziff Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Philip Cohen, David Ziff, Peter E Lipsky
We, rheumatologists, practise in an era when the study of rheumatic diseases and the care of affected patients are rooted in rigorous scientific investigation. This was not the case before the mid-20th century, when Dr Morris Ziff and a few other Pillars of Rheumatology pioneered the application of rigorous basic and clinical science to a nascent field, in which affected people were often regarded
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Evaluation of discontinuation for adverse events of JAK inhibitors and bDMARDs in an international collaboration of rheumatoid arthritis registers (the ‘JAK-pot’ study) Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Romain Aymon, Denis Mongin, Sytske Anne Bergstra, Denis Choquette, Catalin Codreanu, Diederik De Cock, Lene Dreyer, Ori Elkayam, Doreen Huschek, Kimme L Hyrich, Florenzo Iannone, Nevsun Inanc, Lianne Kearsley-Fleet, Suleyman Serdar KOCA, Tore K Kvien, Burkhard F Leeb, Galina Lukina, Dan C Nordström, Karel Pavelka, Manuel Pombo-Suarez, Ana Rodrigues, Ziga Rotar, Anja Strangfeld, Patrick Verschueren
Background In a clinical trial setting, patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) taking the Janus kinase inhibitor (JAKi) tofacitinib demonstrated higher adverse events rates compared with those taking the tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) adalimumab or etanercept. Objective Compare treatment discontinuations for adverse events (AEs) among second-line therapies in an international real-world
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Lower body mass and lower adiposity are associated with differential responses to two treatment strategies for rheumatoid arthritis Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Joshua F Baker, James R ODell, Bryant R England, Jon T Giles, Jefferey A Newcomb, Michael D George, Geoffrey Thiele, Larry Moreland, S Louis Bridges, Jeffrey R Curtis, Ted R Mikuls
Purpose To determine if body mass index (BMI) and adipokine levels identify rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients most likely to benefit from initiation of tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) after methotrexate inadequate response. Methods This is a secondary analysis of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Comparison of Active Treatments (RACAT) trial and the (TEAR) trial. Both studies compared treatment strategies
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Effectiveness of longstanding exercise therapy compared with usual care for people with rheumatoid arthritis and severe functional limitations: a randomised controlled trial Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Max M H Teuwen, Salima F E van Weely, Thea P M Vliet Vlieland, Maria A T van Wissen, Wilfred F Peter, Alfons A den Broeder, Dirkjan van Schaardenburg, Wilbert B van den Hout, Cornelia H M Van den Ende, Maaike G J Gademan
Objectives To compare the effectiveness of longstanding (>52 weeks), supervised exercise therapy with usual care in adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and severe functional limitations. Methods Participants were randomised 1:1 to the intervention (individualised goal-setting, active exercises, education and self-management regarding physical activity) or usual care. Primary endpoint was the change
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Mortality in patients with psoriatic arthritis in Sweden: a nationwide, population-based cohort study Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Sofia Exarchou, Daniela Di Giuseppe, Eva Klingberg, Valgerdur Sigurdardottir, Sara Wedrén, Ulf Lindström, Carl Turesson, Lennart T H Jacobsson, Johan Askling, Johan K Wallman
Objectives To compare all-cause mortality and causes of death between patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and the general population in Sweden. Methods Adults with at least one main PsA diagnosis (International Classification of Diseases-10: L40.5/M07.0–M07.3) from outpatient rheumatology/internal medicine departments 2001–2017 were identified from the National Patient Register. Each case was matched
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Male patients with inflammatory joint diseases are less likely than controls to be childless: results from a Norwegian population-based cohort study of 10 865 patients Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Gudrun David Sigmo, Solveig Hauge, Karl Ove Hufthammer, Marianne Wallenius, Kjell Åsmund Salvesen, Anne Kjersti Nesje Daltveit, Gunnstein Bakland, Bjorg-Tilde Svanes Fevang
Objectives To investigate the number of children per man and the proportion of childless men as a proxy of fertility in a national cohort of men with inflammatory joint diseases (IJDs), compared with matched controls from the general population. Methods This is a nationwide, population-based retrospective cohort study. Male patients with IJDs (n = 10 865) in the Norwegian Arthritis Registry were individually
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Pragmatic targets for moderate/severe SLE and their implications for clinical care and trial design: sustained DORIS or LLDAS for at least 6 months is sufficient while their attainment for at least 24 months ensures high specificity for damage-free progression Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Sofia Pitsigavdaki, Myrto Nikoloudaki, Panagiotis Garantziotis, Ettore Silvagni, Argyro Repa, Antonio Marangoni, Irini Flouri, Nestor Avgoustidis, Konstantinos Parperis, Antonis Fanouriakis, Marcello Govoni, Prodromos Sidiropoulos, Dimitrios T Boumpas, Alessandra Bortoluzzi, George Bertsias
Objectives Treatment targets in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have been validated in unselected—in terms of severity—cohorts, which limits their generalisability. We assessed remission (Definition of Remission in SLE (DORIS)) and Lupus Low Disease Activity State (LLDAS) in a historical cohort of 348 patients with active moderate-to-severe disease and median follow-up of 5 years. Methods Active
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Telitacicept in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus: results of a phase 2b, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Di Wu, Jing Li, Dong Xu, Joan T Merrill, Ronald F van Vollenhoven, Yi Liu, Jiankang Hu, Yang Li, Fen Li, Chenghui Huang, Guochun Wang, Xiaomei Li, Jianhong Zhao, Dongbao Zhao, Cibo Huang, Huaxiang Liu, Wei Wei, Guixiu Shi, Fuai Lu, Xiaoxia Zuo, Liqi Bi, Zhijun Li, Xiaoxia Wang, Miaojia Zhang, Ning Tie, Juan Li, Hanyou Mo, Jianmin Fang, Chunde Bao, Fengchun Zhang
Objectives This phase 2b, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of telitacicept, a novel fusion protein that neutralises signals of B lymphocyte stimulator and a proliferation-inducing ligand, in active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Adult patients with active SLE (n=249) were recruited from 29 hospitals in China and randomised 1:1:1:1 to
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CD7 activation regulates cytotoxicity-driven pathology in systemic sclerosis, yielding a target for selective cell depletion Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Theodoros Ioannis Papadimitriou, Prashant Singh, Arjan van Caam, Birgitte Walgreen, Mark A J Gorris, Elly L Vitters, Iris L van Ingen, Marije I Koenders, Ruben L Smeets, Madelon Vonk, Jolanda M de Vries, Peter M van der Kraan, Ypke van Oosterhout, Martijn A Huynen, Hans J P M Koenen, Rogier M Thurlings
Objectives Cytotoxic T cells and natural killer (NK) cells are central effector cells in cancer and infections. Their effector response is regulated by activating and inhibitory receptors. The regulation of these cells in systemic autoimmune diseases such as systemic sclerosis (SSc) is less defined. Methods We conducted ex vivo analysis of affected skin and blood samples from 4 SSc patient cohorts
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CD19-targeting CAR T cells protect from ANCA-induced acute kidney injury Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Dörte Lodka, Maria Zschummel, Mario Bunse, Anthony Rousselle, Janis Sonnemann, Ralph Kettritz, Uta E Höpken, Adrian Schreiber
Objectives Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) are life-threatening systemic autoimmune diseases manifesting in the kidneys as necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis (NCGN). ANCA antigens are myeloperoxidase (MPO) or proteinase 3. Current treatments include steroids, cytotoxic drugs and B cell-depleting antibodies. The use of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)
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Clonal haematopoiesis across the age spectrum of vasculitis patients with Takayasu’s arteritis, ANCA-associated vasculitis and giant cell arteritis Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Fernanda Gutierrez-Rodrigues, Kristina V Wells, Adrianna I Jones, Dalton Hironaka, Cameron Rankin, Massimo Gadina, Keith A Sikora, Lemlem Alemu, Rodrigo T Calado, Kaitlin A Quinn, Bhavisha Patel, Neal S Young, Peter C Grayson
Objectives Ageing and inflammation are associated with clonal haematopoiesis (CH), the emergence of somatic mutations in haematopoietic cells. This study details CH in patients with systemic vasculitis in association with clinical, haematological and immunological parameters. Methods Patients with three forms of vasculitis were screened for CH in peripheral blood by error-corrected sequencing. Relative
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Bona fide dendritic cells are pivotal precursors for osteoclasts Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Antonia Puchner, Elisabeth Simader, Victoria Saferding, Melanie Hofmann, Markus Kieler, Julia Brunner, René Pfeifle, Birgit Niederreiter, Gerhard Krönke, Gernot Schabbauer, Philippe Georgel, Gretchen Diehl, Guenter Steiner, Silvia Hayer, Kurt Redlich, Josef S Smolen, Daniel Aletaha, Stephan Blüml
Objectives Osteoclasts (OCs) are myeloid-derived multinucleated cells uniquely able to degrade bone. However, the exact nature of their myeloid precursors is not yet defined. Methods CD11c-diphtheria toxin receptor (CD11cDTR) transgenic mice were treated with diphtheria toxin (DT) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) during serum transfer arthritis (STA) and human tumour necrosis factor transgenic (hTNFtg)
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Randomised trial of genetic testing and targeted intervention to prevent the development and progression of Paget’s disease of bone Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Jonathan Phillips, Deepak Subedi, Steff C Lewis, Catriona Keerie, Owen Cronin, Mary Porteous, David Moore, Roseanne Cetnarskyj, Lakshminarayan Ranganath, Peter L Selby, Tolga Turgut, Geeta Hampson, Rama Chandra, Shu Ho, Jon Tobias, Steven Young-Min, Malachi J McKenna, Rachel K Crowley, William D Fraser, Jonathan C Y Tang, Luigi Gennari, Rannuccio Nuti, Maria Luisa Brandi, Javier Del Pino-Montes, Jean-Pierre
Introduction Paget’s disease of bone (PDB) frequently presents at an advanced stage with irreversible skeletal damage. Clinical outcomes might be improved by earlier diagnosis and prophylactic treatment. Methods We randomised 222 individuals at increased risk of PDB because of pathogenic SQSTM1 variants to receive 5 mg zoledronic acid (ZA) or placebo. The primary outcome was new bone lesions assessed
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IgG4-related tubulointerstitial nephritis Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Meng-Ko Tsai, Yen-Lin Chen, Hsiang-Cheng Chen, Feng-Cheng Liu, Deh-Ming Chang, Chun-Chi Lu
A 73-year-old man with previous cerebral infarction, diabetes mellitus and IgG4-related disease had received rituximab treatment 2 years prior. He reported poor appetite for a week and was found to have grade I pitting oedema on both legs on physical examination. Contrast-enhanced CT revealed multiple low-density lesions in both kidneys (figure 1), dilatation of the common bile duct and intrahepatic
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Subclinical inflammation and joint damage progression in patients with early RA fulfilling 2011 vs 2022 ACR/EULAR Boolean remission criteria: data from the ARCTIC study Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Valeriia Melokhina, Nina Paulshus Sundlisæter, Joseph Sexton, Ulf Sundin, Anna-Birgitte Aga, Kaja E Kjørholt, Lena Bugge Nordberg, Désirée van der Heijde, Espen Haavardsholm, Siri Lillegraven
Remission has become an achievable goal for a large proportion of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).1 In 2022, ACR and EULAR proposed a new version of their Boolean remission criteria, allowing patients to achieve remission with a higher level of patient global assessment (PGA). In the updated version, the threshold for PGA (0–10 cm) is 2 (Boolean 2.0), compared with the original threshold of
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Low plasma belimumab levels as an indicator of poor adherence to belimumab in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Ludovic Trefond, Noël Zahr, Raphael Lhote, Micheline Pha, Miguel Hié, Makoto Miyara, Matthias Papo, Quentin Moyon, Pierre Hausfater, Francois Chasset, Julien Haroche, Fleur Cohen-Aubart, Alexis Mathian, Zahir Amoura
Non-adherence is a significant issue in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), associated with the risks of disease flare, early damage and 5-year mortality as demonstrated for hydroxychloroquine (HCQ).1 It is important for clinicians to objectively assess adherence to treatments, especially in cases of resistance to standard of care treatment. For this purpose, serum, plasma or blood
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Third-generation CD19.CAR-T cell-containing combination therapy in Scl70+ systemic sclerosis Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Wolfgang Merkt, Merle Freitag, Maren Claus, Philipp Kolb, Valeria Falcone, Manuel Röhrich, Lea Rodon, Franca Deicher, Ivana Andreeva, Theresa Tretter, Lars-Oliver Tykocinski, Norbert Blank, Carsten Watzl, Anita Schmitt, Tim Sauer, Carsten Müller-Tidow, Markus Polke, Claus Peter Heußel, Peter Dreger, Hanns-Martin Lorenz, Michael Schmitt
No effective treatment of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) exists. Numerous evidences support the importance of adaptive immunity in SSc-ILD. A basket trial showed higher efficacy of mycophenolate when combined with rituximab in non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP), the most frequent pattern in SSc-ILD.1 Deep B-cell depletion outperforms rituximab in connective
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Associations of residential greenness with bone mineral density and osteoporosis: the modifying effect of genetic susceptibility Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Tingting Tan, Linxi Tang, Xiaoning Guo, Tao Li, Yaohua Tian, Zhengxiao Ouyang
Objectives To investigate the associations of residential greenness with bone mineral density and incident osteoporosis, and further evaluate the potential modifying effect of genetic susceptibility. Methods We used the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) at various buffer distances, including 300 m (NDVI300m), 500 m (NDVI500m), 1000 m (NDVI1000m) and 1500 m (NDVI1500m), to serve as indicators
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Power Doppler signal at the enthesis and bone erosions are the most discriminative OMERACT ultrasound lesions for SpA: results from the DEUS (Defining Enthesitis on Ultrasound in Spondyloarthritis) multicentre study Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Andrea Di Matteo, Gianluca Smerilli, Stefano Di Donato, An Ran Liu, Andrea Becciolini, Federica Camarda, Tomas Cazenave, Edoardo Cipolletta, Davide Corradini, Juan José de Agustín, Giulia Maria Destro Castaniti, Eleonora Di Donato, Luca Di Geso, Emine Duran, Bayram Farisogullari, Marco Fornaro, Francesca Francioso, Pamela Giorgis, Amelia Granel, Cristina Hernández-Díaz, Rudolf Horvath, Jana Hurnakova
Objectives To assess, in spondyloarthritis (SpA), the discriminative value of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) ultrasound lesions of enthesitis and their associations with clinical features in this population. Methods In this multicentre study involving 20 rheumatology centres, clinical and ultrasound examinations of the lower limb large entheses were performed in 413 patients with SpA
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Global burden of early-onset osteoarthritis, 1990–2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Qianlin Weng, Qiu Chen, Ting Jiang, Yuqing Zhang, Weiya Zhang, Michael Doherty, Junqing Xie, Ke Liu, Jiatian Li, Tuo Yang, Jie Wei, Guanghua Lei, Chao Zeng
Objectives Early-onset osteoarthritis (OA) is an emerging health issue amidst the escalating prevalence of overweight and obesity. However, there are scant data on its disease, economic burden and attributable burden due to high body mass index (BMI). Methods Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019, we examined the numbers of incident cases, prevalent cases, years lived with disability
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Novel endotypes of antisynthetase syndrome identified independent of anti-aminoacyl transfer RNA synthetase antibody specificity that improve prognostic stratification Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Shiyu Wu, Xinyue Xiao, Yingfang Zhang, Xinxin Zhang, Guochun Wang, Qinglin Peng
Objectives To systemically analyse the heterogeneity in the clinical manifestations and prognoses of patients with antisynthetase syndrome (ASS) and evaluate the transcriptional signatures related to different clinical phenotypes. Methods A total of 701 patients with ASS were retrospectively enrolled. The clinical presentation and prognosis were assessed in association with four anti-aminoacyl transfer
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Risk of flare and damage accrual after tapering glucocorticoids in modified serologically active clinically quiescent patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a multinational observational cohort study Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Yasuhiro Katsumata, Eisuke Inoue, Masayoshi Harigai, Jiacai Cho, Worawit Louthrenoo, Alberta Hoi, Vera Golder, Chak Sing Lau, Aisha Lateef, Yi-Hsing Chen, Shue-Fen Luo, Yeong-Jian Jan Wu, Laniyati Hamijoyo, Zhanguo Li, Sargunan Sockalingam, Sandra Navarra, Leonid Zamora, Yanjie Hao, Zhuoli Zhang, Madelynn Chan, Shereen Oon, Kristine Ng, Jun Kikuchi, Tsutomu Takeuchi, Fiona Goldblatt, Sean O’Neill,
Objectives To assess the risk of flare and damage accrual after tapering glucocorticoids (GCs) in modified serologically active clinically quiescent (mSACQ) patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Data from a 12-country longitudinal SLE cohort, collected prospectively between 2013 and 2020, were analysed. SLE patients with mSACQ defined as the state with serological activity (increased
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Sacroiliac radiographic progression over 10 years in axSpA: data from the DESIR inception cohort Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Anna Molto, Clementina López-Medina, Alexandre Sepriano, Sofia Ramiro, Manouk de Hooge, Miranda van Lunteren, Victoria Navarro-Compán, Daniel Wendling, Maxime Dougados
Objectives To evaluate sacroiliac radiographic progression over a 10-year follow-up and determine the baseline factors associated with such progression in patients with recent-onset axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA, <3 years). Methods This analysis was performed in the DESIR cohort ([NCT01648907][1]). The radiographic status of the patients (radiographic axSpA (r-axSpA) vs non-radiographic axSpA (nr-axSpA))
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Changes in alcohol intake and serum urate changes: longitudinal analyses of annual medical examination database Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Sho Fukui, Masato Okada, Tomohiro Shinozaki, Takahiro Asano, Takehiro Nakai, Hiromichi Tamaki, Mitsumasa Kishimoto, Hiroshi Hasegawa, Takeaki Matsuda, Javier Marrugo, Sara K Tedeschi, Hyon Choi, Daniel H Solomon
Introduction Despite the established cross-sectional association between alcohol intake and serum urate (SU), its longitudinal association remains unknown. This study aimed to determine whether changes in alcohol intake have a clinically relevant association with SU change. Method We conducted retrospective analyses using systematically collected annual medical examination data from October 2012 to
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Referral of patients with suspected polymyalgia rheumatica: how complete is our view of ‘planet PMR?’ Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Dario Camellino, Eric L Matteson
Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is the second most common inflammatory rheumatic disease after rheumatoid arthritis in persons older than 50 years,1 reaching an estimated prevalence of up to 1.5% in this age group.2 Despite its frequency, many uncertainties and misconceptions still exist about how PMR should be diagnosed and managed. In many countries, primary care appears the practical and appealing
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Systemic inflammatory cytokine profiles in patients with gout during flare, intercritical and treat-to-target phases: TNFSF14 as new biomarker Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Hang-Korng Ea, Brenda Kischkel, Twinu Wilson Chirayath, Viola Klück, Caroline Aparicio, Hoang-Uyen Loeung, Philippe Manivet, Tim Jansen, Mylène Zarka, Frédéric Lioté, Augustin Latourte, Thomas Bardin, Alan Gauffenic, Eric Vicaut, Tania Octavia Crișan, Mihai G Netea, Pascal Richette, Leo AB Joosten
Introduction Untreated gout is characterised by monosodium urate (MSU) crystal accumulation responsible for recurrent flares that are commonly separated by asymptomatic phases. Both phases are inflammatory conditions of variable intensity. Gout flares are self-limited inflammatory reactions involving multiple mediators. This study aimed to characterise the inflammatory profiles of gout at different
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What rheumatologists need to know about mRNA vaccines: current status and future of mRNA vaccines in autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Jin Kyun Park, Eun Bong Lee, Kevin L Winthrop
Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines as a novel vaccine platform offer new tools to effectively combat both emerging and existing pathogens which were previously not possible. The ‘plug and play’ feature of mRNA vaccines enables swift design and production of vaccines targeting complex antigens and rapid incorporation of new vaccine constituents as needed. This feature makes them likely to be adopted for
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Disease activity drives divergent epigenetic and transcriptomic reprogramming of monocyte subpopulations in systemic lupus erythematosus Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Anna Guiomar Ferreté-Bonastre, Mónica Martínez-Gallo, Octavio Morante-Palacios, Celia Lourdes Calvillo, Josep Calafell-Segura, Javier Rodríguez-Ubreva, Manel Esteller, Josefina Cortés-Hernández, Esteban Ballestar
Objectives Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterised by systemic inflammation involving various immune cell types. Monocytes, pivotal in promoting and regulating inflammation in SLE, differentiate from classic monocytes into intermediate and non-classic monocytes, assuming diverse roles and changing their proportions in inflammation. In this study, we investigated the epigenetic and transcriptomic
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Shift in perspective: autoimmunity protecting against rheumatoid arthritis Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Yibo He, Mike Aoun, Zhongwei Xu, Rikard Holmdahl
A hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the increased levels of autoantibodies preceding the onset and contributing to the classification of the disease. These autoantibodies, mainly anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) and rheumatoid factor, have been assumed to be pathogenic and many attempts have been made to link them to the development of bone erosion, pain and arthritis. We and others
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Interrupting an IFN-γ-dependent feedback loop in the syndrome of pyogenic arthritis with pyoderma gangrenosum and acne Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Wonyong Lee, Deborah L Stone, Patrycja Hoffmann, Sofia Rosenzweig, Wanxia Li Tsai, Massimo Gadina, Tina Romeo, Chyi-Chia Richard Lee, Davide Randazzo, Pallavi Pimpale Chavan, Kalpana Manthiram, Scott Canna, Yong Hwan Park, Amanda K Ombrello, Ivona Aksentijevich, Daniel L Kastner, Jae Jin Chae
Objectives To study the molecular pathogenesis of PAPA (pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum and acne) syndrome, a debilitating hereditary autoinflammatory disease caused by dominant mutation in PSTPIP1 . Methods Gene knock-out and knock-in mice were generated to develop an animal model. THP1 and retrovirally transduced U937 human myeloid leukaemia cell lines, peripheral blood mononuclear cells
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Acute rheumatic fever in the province of Manitoba, Canada, before and after the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Kayla Edison, Dion Pepelassis, Reeni Soni, Daryl Schantz, Ilan Buffo
The COVID-19 pandemic came with strict public health guidelines for social distancing and infection control measures. Schools and daycare centres were closed for significant periods of time. The consequences of these measures for the epidemiology of transmissible paediatric disease are still unfolding. However, data 2 years into the pandemic indicate there has been a decrease in the incidence of at
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Unveiling inflammatory and prehypertrophic cell populations as key contributors to knee cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis using multi-omics data integration Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Yue Fan, Xuzhao Bian, Xiaogao Meng, Lei Li, Laiyi Fu, Yanan Zhang, Long Wang, Yan Zhang, Dalong Gao, Xiong Guo, Mikko Juhani Lammi, Guangdun Peng, Shiquan Sun
Objectives Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics analysis of human knee articular cartilage tissue to present a comprehensive transcriptome landscape and osteoarthritis (OA)-critical cell populations. Methods Single-cell RNA sequencing and spatially resolved transcriptomic technology have been applied to characterise the cellular heterogeneity of human knee articular cartilage which were collected
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Correspondence on ‘EULAR recommendations for the management of ANCA-associated vasculitis: 2022 update’ by Hellmich et al Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Joanna C Robson, Montserrat M Díaz Encarnación, Peter Verhoeven, Raquel Olivenza Antón, Monica Balcells-Oliver, Tamara Popov, Sara Monti, Andreas Kronbichler
Shared decision-making (SDM) is a collaborative approach to disease management whereby patients and clinicians discuss the benefits and harms of therapy and decide together how a patient’s condition should be managed based on individual values and preferences and the best available clinical evidence.1 The reported benefits of SDM are widespread and include patient empowerment, improved treatment adherence
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Immune response to post-translationally modified proteins in rheumatoid arthritis: what makes it special? Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Diane van der Woude, René E M Toes
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) exhibits common characteristics with numerous other autoimmune diseases, including the presence of susceptibility genes and the presence of disease-specific autoantibodies. Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) are the hallmarking autoantibodies in RA and the anti-citrullinated protein immune response has been implicated in disease pathogenesis. Insight into the immunological
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Focal adhesion protein Lasp1 links the Arp2/3 complex to adherens junctions and promotes motility of arthritic fibroblast-like synoviocytes Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Denise Beckmann, Annika Krause, Uwe Hansen, Hans P Kiener, Thomas Karonitsch, Stephan Blüml, Joachim Kremerskothen, Hermann Pavenstädt, Thomas Pap, Adelheid Korb-Pap
In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) undergo a stable transformation leading to an aggressive phenotype that mediates cartilage damage facilitated by increased expression of adhesion molecules. Actin-mediated cytoskeletal dynamics have gained increasing interest in the context of cellular responses and transformation, mostly in the context of cancer research. Recently, we
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Molecular characterisation of lupus low disease activity state (LLDAS) and DORIS remission by whole-blood transcriptome-based pathways in a pan-European systemic lupus erythematosus cohort Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Ioannis Parodis, Julius Lindblom, Guillermo Barturen, Rafaela Ortega-Castro, Ricard Cervera, Jacques-Olivier Pers, Fernanda Genre, Falk Hiepe, Maria Gerosa, László Kovács, Ellen De Langhe, Silvia Piantoni, Georg Stummvoll, Carlos Vasconcelos, Barbara Vigone, Torsten Witte, PRECISESADS Clinical Consortium, Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme, Lorenzo Beretta
Objectives To unveil biological milieus underlying low disease activity (LDA) and remission versus active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods We determined differentially expressed pathways (DEPs) in SLE patients from the PRECISESADS project (NTC02890121) stratified into patients fulfilling and not fulfilling the criteria of (1) Lupus LDA State (LLDAS), (2) Definitions of Remission in SLE remission
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KLF2 enhancer variant rs4808485 increases lupus risk by modulating inflammasome machinery and cellular homoeostasis Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Manish Kumar Singh, Harikrishna Reddy Rallabandi, Xu-Jie Zhou, Yuan-Yuan Qi, Zhan-Zheng Zhao, Ting Gan, Hong Zhang, Loren L Looger, Swapan K Nath
Objective A recent genome-wide association study linked KLF2 as a novel Asian-specific locus for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility. However, the underlying causal functional variant(s), cognate target gene(s) and genetic mechanisms associated with SLE risk are unknown. Methods We used bioinformatics to prioritise likely functional variants and validated the best candidate with diverse
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Polymyalgia rheumatica: crafting the future of a simple (but not easy!) clinical syndrome Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Milena Bond, Christian Dejaco
Since its first description in 1888,1 the concept of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) has significantly evolved. Initially perceived as a mild form of rheumatoid arthritis,2 its recognition as a distinct clinical entity came only in 1957 when Barber introduced the term.3 Although characteristic for PMR, polymyalgic symptoms, including pain and stiffness in the shoulder and pelvic girdle, are non-specific
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New approach to testing treatments for osteoarthritis: FastOA Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 David Felson, Martin K Lotz, Yuxuan Jin, Morgan Jones, Jason S Kim, Kurt Spindler
Animal models of post traumatic osteoarthritis have shown many promising treatments for disease, but human trials have mostly failed to identify effective treatments. This viewpoint suggests that the frequent failure of drug and treatment development in osteoarthritis is due, in part, to the advanced stage of disease of patients in trials and suggests that mirroring the animal model approach might
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In early rheumatoid arthritis, anticitrullinated peptide antibodies associate with low number of affected joints and rheumatoid factor associates with systemic inflammation Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Eleftheria Pertsinidou, Saedis Saevarsdottir, Vivek Anand Manivel, Lars Klareskog, Lars Alfredsson, Linda Mathsson-Alm, Monika Hansson, Martin Cornillet, Guy Serre, Rikard Holmdahl, Karl Skriner, Per-Johan Jakobsson, Helga Westerlind, Johan Askling, Johan Rönnelid
Objectives To investigate how individual rheumatoid arthritis (RA) autoantibodies associate with individual signs and symptoms at the time of RA diagnosis. Methods IgA, IgG, IgM rheumatoid factor (RF), antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptide version 2 (anti-CCP2) and 16 individual antibodies against citrullinated protein (ACPA) reactivities were analysed centrally in baseline sera from 1600
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Expression quantitative trait loci analysis in rheumatoid arthritis identifies tissue specific variants associated with severity and outcome Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Katriona Goldmann, Athina Spiliopoulou, Andrii Iakovliev, Darren Plant, Nisha Nair, Cankut Cubuk, The MATURA Consortium, Paul McKeigue, Michael R Barnes, Anne Barton, Costantino Pitzalis, Myles J Lewis
Objective Genome-wide association studies have successfully identified more than 100 loci associated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, our understanding of the functional effects of genetic variants in causing RA and their effects on disease severity and response to treatment remains limited. Methods In this study, we conducted expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis
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Single-cell resolution of longitudinal blood transcriptome profiles in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and healthy control pregnancies Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Hilde Julie T Lien, Tina T Pedersen, Bente Jakobsen, Arnar Flatberg, Konika Chawla, Pål Sætrom, Mona H Fenstad
Objectives Comparative longitudinal analyses of cellular composition and peripheral blood gene expression in Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and healthy pregnancies. Methods In total, 335 whole blood samples from 84 RA, SLE and healthy controls before pregnancy, at each trimester, 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months post partum were analysed. We combined bulk and single cell
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Counteracting tryptophan metabolism alterations as a new therapeutic strategy for rheumatoid arthritis Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 David Moulin, Marie Millard, Mahdia Taïeb, Chloé Michaudel, Anne Aucouturier, Antoine Lefèvre, Luis G Bermúdez-Humarán, Philippe Langella, Youssouf Sereme, Kristell Wanherdrick, Preeti Gautam, Xavier Mariette, Philippe Dieudé, Jacques-Eric Gottenberg, Jean-Yves Jouzeau, David Skurnik, Patrick Emond, Denis Mulleman, Jérémie Sellam, Harry Sokol
Objectives Alterations in tryptophan (Trp) metabolism have been reported in inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, understanding whether these alterations participate in RA development and can be considered putative therapeutic targets remains undetermined. In this study, we combined quantitative Trp metabolomics in the serum from patients with RA and corrective administration
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CD_99 G1 neutrophils modulate osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in the pathological process of ankylosing spondylitis Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Xinzhe Feng, Chen Wang, Boyao Ji, Junjie Qiao, Yihong Xu, Shanbang Zhu, Zhou Ji, Bole Zhou, Wenwen Tong, Weidong Xu
Objectives This study aimed to identify the types and heterogeneity of cells within the spinal enthesis and investigate the underlying mechanisms of osteogenesis. Methods Single-cell RNA sequencing was used to identify cell populations and their gene signatures in the spinal enthesis of five patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and three healthy individuals. The transcriptomes of 40 065 single
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Subclinical giant cell arteritis increases the risk of relapse in polymyalgia rheumatica Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Eugenio De Miguel, Rositsa Karalilova, Pierluigi Macchioni, Cristina Ponte, Edoardo Conticini, Sharon Cowley, Alessandro Tomelleri, Sara Monti, Irene Monjo, Zguro Batalov, Giulia Klinowski, Paolo Falsetti, David J Kane, Corrado Campochiaro, Alojzija Hočevar
Objective The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical significance of subclinical giant cell arteritis (GCA) in polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and ascertain its optimal treatment approach. Methods Patients with PMR who fulfilled the 2012 European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology/American College of Rheumatology Provisional Classification Criteria for PMR, did not have GCA symptoms
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Senescent cells in giant cell arteritis display an inflammatory phenotype participating in tissue injury via IL-6-dependent pathways Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Dimitris Veroutis, Ourania D Argyropoulou, Andreas V Goules, Konstantinos Kambas, Dimitris Anastasios Palamidas, Konstantinos Evangelou, Sophia Havaki, Aikaterini Polyzou, Dimitrios Valakos, Evangelia Xingi, Elli Karatza, Kyriaki A Boki, Alberto Cavazza, Christos Kittas, Dimitris Thanos, Caterina Ricordi, Chiara Marvisi, Francesco Muratore, Elena Galli, Stefania Croci, Carlo Salvarani, Vassilis G Gorgoulis
Objectives Age is the strongest risk factor of giant cell arteritis (GCA), implying a possible pathogenetic role of cellular senescence. To address this question, we applied an established senescence specific multimarker algorithm in temporal artery biopsies (TABs) of GCA patients. Methods 75(+) TABs from GCA patients, 22(−) TABs from polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) patients and 10(−) TABs from non-GCA/non-PMR
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Maintenance of remission of ANCA vasculitis by rituximab based on B cell repopulation versus serological flare: a randomised trial Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Reza Zonozi, Frank B Cortazar, Anushya Jeyabalan, Gabriel Sauvage, Pravarut Nithagon, Noah R Huizenga, Jillian M Rosenthal, Alexander Sipilief, Katherine Cosgrove, Karen A Laliberte, Eugene P Rhee, William F Pendergraft,, John L Niles
Objective To compare two long-term remission maintenance strategies for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) vasculitis. Methods We conducted a prospective, single-centre, open-label, randomised controlled trial of patients with ANCA vasculitis in remission after completing at least 2 years of fixed-schedule rituximab. In the B cell arm, rituximab was reinfused upon B cell repopulation; in the
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Efficacy and safety of remibrutinib, a selective potent oral BTK inhibitor, in Sjögren’s syndrome: results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Thomas Dörner, Martin Kaul, Antónia Szántó, Jui-Cheng Tseng, Athena S Papas, Ilona Pylvaenaeinen, Malika Hanser, Nasri Abdallah, Andrea Grioni, Aida Santos Da Costa, Enrico Ferrero, Peter Gergely, Rainer Hillenbrand, Alexandre Avrameas, Bruno Cenni, Richard M Siegel
Objectives To evaluate the safety and efficacy of remibrutinib in patients with moderate-to-severe Sjögren’s syndrome (SjS) in a phase 2 randomised, double-blind trial ([NCT04035668][1]; LOUiSSE (LOU064 in Sjögren’s Syndrome) study). Methods Eligible patients fulfilling 2016 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) criteria for SjS, positive for anti-Ro/Sjögren’s
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Serious infections in patients with VEXAS syndrome: data from the French VEXAS registry Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Benjamin de Valence, Marion Delaune, Yann Nguyen, Vincent Jachiet, Mael Heiblig, Alexis Jean, Stanislas Riescher Tuczkiewicz, Pierrick Henneton, Philippe Guilpain, Nicolas Schleinitz, Guillaume Le Guenno, Hervé Lobbes, Valentin Lacombe, Samuel Ardois, Estibaliz Lazaro, Vincent Langlois, Roderau Outh, Julien Vinit, Jean-Philippe Martellosio, Paul Decker, Thomas Moulinet, Yannick Dieudonné, Adrien Bigot
Introduction Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic (VEXAS) syndrome is an acquired autoinflammatory monogenic disease with a poor prognosis whose determinants are not well understood. We aimed to describe serious infectious complications and their potential risk factors. Methods Retrospective multicentre study including patients with VEXAS syndrome from the French VEXAS Registry
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OA susceptibility in mice is partially mediated by the gut microbiome, is transferrable via microbiome transplantation and is associated with immunophenotype changes Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Emmaline Prinz, Leoni Schlupp, Gabby Dyson, Montana Barrett, Aleksander Szymczak, Cassandra Velasco, Vladislav Izda, Christopher M Dunn, Matlock A Jeffries
Objectives The Murphy Roths Large (MRL)/MpJ ‘superhealer’ mouse strain is protected from post-traumatic osteoarthritis (OA), although no studies have evaluated the microbiome in the context of this protection. This study characterised microbiome differences between MRL and wild-type mice, evaluated microbiome transplantation and OA and investigated microbiome-associated immunophenotypes. Methods Cecal
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Validation of a new glucocorticoid-specific Patient-Reported Outcome Questionnaire (the Steroid PRO) Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Susan Bridgewater, Mwidimi Ndosi, Jill Dawson, Pamela Richards, Christine Silverthorne, Emma Dures, Susan M. Goodman, Catherine Hill, Sarah L. Mackie, Joanna C. Robson
Objectives Glucocorticoids used in the treatment of inflammatory rheumatic conditions can impact on health-related quality of life. An underpinning qualitative study developed a long-list of candidate items for a treatment-specific patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure. The objective of this paper is to determine scale structure and psychometric properties of the Steroid PRO. Methods A cross-sectional
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Elderly woman with polyarthritis, heliotrope-like rash, lymphadenopathy and polyneuropathy Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Nobuya Abe, Miyuki Bohgaki, Hideki Kasahara
A woman in her 80s manifested polyarthritis with anti-citrullinated-protein antibody positivity in April 2021, leading to a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. Although she had taken prednisolone, sulfasalazine and methotrexate, her joint inflammation persisted. In September 2021, she presented facial flushing, black pigmentation on fingers and oedematous erythema of face and eyelid like heliotrope
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Time to address the challenge of difficult to treat psoriatic arthritis: results from an international survey Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Helena Marzo-Ortega, Stephanie Rose Harrison, György Nagy, Pedro M Machado, Dennis G McGonagle, Sibel Zehra Aydin, Raquel Almodovar-González, Wilson Bautista-Molano, Laure Gossec, Ennio Lubrano, Peter Nash, Fernando Pimentel Santos, Enrique R Soriano, Stefan Siebert
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a highly heterogeneous disease with involvement of multiple tissues, underpinned by complex pathogenesis. Despite major improvements in the range and availability of efficacious treatment options, including biological and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs),1 significant clinical unmet needs remain, with overall low rates of achievement
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Prevalence of clinically meaningful antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus varies by race and ethnicity Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Cécile M Yelnik, Xianhong Xie, Marta M Guerra, Nathalie Costedoat-Chalumeau, Arezou Khosroshahi, Diane L Kamen, Noa Schwartz, Patricia Katz, Margaret Minett, R Toby Amoss, April Fu, Gaëlle Guettrot-Imbert, Estibaliz Lazaro, Véronique Le Guern, Jim Oates, Maria Dall'Era, Jinoos Yazdany, Anna Molto, Mimi Y Kim, Jane E Salmon
The presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs), highly pathogenic autoantibodies that may trigger thrombosis and serious pregnancy complications, can influence the course of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and contribute to organ damage.1 2 Reports of the frequency of aPLs in patients with SLE are highly variable, ranging from 11% to 86% of patients, but generally quoted as 25%–40%.3 4 Determination
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Obinutuzumab in patients with Sjogren’s disease immunised against rituximab Ann. Rheum. Dis. (IF 27.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Mathilde Pezot, Gaétane Nocturne, Rakiba Belkhir, Julien Henry, Stephan Pavy, Raphaèle Seror, Xavier Mariette, Samuel Bitoun
Patients treated with rituximab (RTX) may develop antidrug antibodies (ADAb) leading to inefficacy and infusion reactions,1 more frequently in systemic autoimmune diseases (sAID) than in rheumatoid arthritis.2 In those immunised patients, targeting B-cells with another anti-CD20 molecule is an option. Obinutuzumab (OBZ) is another anti-CD20 antibody used in lymphoproliferative malignancies.3 Few studies