Luminescence and preparation of Dy2O3 doped SrCO3–WO3–SiO2 glass ceramics
Introduction
Currently, the energy is on the verge of exhaustion, it is imperative to seek for proficient alternative for the replacement of conventional lighting, in order to protect the environment. The white light-emitting diode (w-LED) is a kind of new solid-state lighting, and the conventional w-LED is composed of a chip and phosphors coated on the surface. Furthermore, w-LED has become the best alternative lighting energy attributed to its characteristics of high energy efficiency, low loss, strong material stability and long service life [[1], [2], [3], [4]].
Tungstate, as a typical self-activated fluorescent matrix material, has a wide range of applications in the field of inorganic photoluminescence materials [5]. SrWO4 has been reported to be an ideal host for rare-earth ions because of its thermal and chemical stability, strong absorption, low synthesis temperature and low environmental pollution. SrWO4 is scheelite tetrahedral structure, WO42− could transfer the absorbed energy to the doping rare earth ions to increase the luminescence intensity. Due to the electrons on the 2p energy level of the O atom transfer to the 5d energy level of the W atom, the charge transfer band is formed. Hence, the materials of the rare earth (RE) as activator incorporates SrWO4 lattice can get some special colorful emission, which expected to be good photoluminescence materials [[6], [7], [8]]. As for the Dy3+ ion, it has three typical peeks which are blue, yellow and red emission. Moreover, Dy3+ ion based on their linear type f–f transitions, can emit narrow emissions in the visible range, resulting in high efficiency. As a result, Dy3+ doped materials have attracted more and more attention [[9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15]].
In the previous coverage, Dy3+ doped phosphors were widely studied, such as Sr3GdNa(PO4)3F:Dy3+ [16], Ca9Y(VO4)7:Dy3+ [17], LiBaPO4:Dy3+ [18], which had excellent luminescence properties in white light region. However, the disadvantages of phosphors are the complex preparation process, higher cost, higher correlated color temperature (CCT>6000K) and the shorter lifetime. Consequently, in the purpose of obtaining the better w-LED, new materials should be synthesized which is provided with lower CCT and longer lifetime.
In order to overcome the shortcoming of phosphors, Dy3+ doped tungstate glass ceramics are considered to be promising white-emitting materials. In this experiment, Dy3+ doped transparent glass ceramics containing SrWO4 crystal phase were firstly synthesized. The effects of different heat treatments on grain size and luminescence properties were investigated. The results proved that Dy3+ doped GCs had the potential application in w-LED.
Section snippets
Experiment
Formulation for precursor glasses in the light of the mole ratio as 4.5SrCO3-1.5WO3–6SiO2-7.5H3BO3–1NaF-0.2Sb2O3-xDy2O3(x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 mol), 20 g of raw materials is weighed, then uniformly mixed and placed in the platinum crucibles, melted at 1450 °C for 1 h in silicon molybdenum furnace. Then the liquid-melt is poured onto the preheated iron plate and pressed by another plate to get glass samples. The glass samples are immediately transferred to a resistance furnace at 460 °C for
Determination of heat treatment
Fig. 1 shows the DSC curve of precursor glasses. It can be seen from the curve that there is an obvious exothermic peak near 750 °C, called crystal peak temperature (Tp), which is the maximum growth rate of the crystal. The initial crystallization temperature (Tx) is 720 °C. In order to prevent the appearance of large size grains and the phenomenon of contacting with other grains happened, 740 °C is selected as the heat treatment temperature.
Fig. 2 shows the XRD patterns of the glass ceramic
Conclusions
In this paper, Dy3+ doped glass ceramics are successfully synthesized by melt quenching method. Combining with the microscopic morphology, structure and the transmission spectrum, it is determined the optimum heat treatment is 740 °C/1.5 h. There are obvious peaks at 484 nm, 575 nm, 665 nm, corresponding to 4F9/2-6H15/2, 4F9/2-6H13/2 and 4F9/2-6H11/2 in the emission spectra. When the Dy3+ concentration reaches 1.6 mol, the optimum fluorescence lifetime would be 796.5 μs and the CIE coordinate
CRediT authorship contribution statement
Yulin Wei: Writing - original draft. Hongbo Zhang: Writing - review & editing.
Declaration of competing interest
We confirm that we have given consideration to the protection of intellectual property associated with this work and there are no impediments to publication. We confirm that we have followed the regulations of our institutions concerning intellectual property.
Acknowledgments
This work is supported by Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Department (20190802014ZG).
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