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A review and future prospect of polymer blend mixed matrix membrane for CO2 separation

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Abstract

In recent years, carbon capture technology has received much attention to limit the adverse effect caused by rising carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the atmosphere. Membrane technology has risen as an attractive option for carbon capture as it is less energy–intensive and more environmentally friendly compared with adsorption, absorption, and cryogenic separation. Polymeric membranes dominate the gas separation industries as they are cheaper and easier to fabricate compared with inorganic membranes but are bound to the permeance-selectivity trade-off limitation. Recently, researchers have been modifying polymeric membrane by polymer blending and mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) to overcome the limitation. Polymer blending yields a polymer blend that combines the benefits of two or more polymeric material. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyethersulfone (PES) are common polymeric materials used in the gas separation industry for membrane fabrication. PEG and PES were reviewed in this paper as potential polymer blends that efficiently separate CO2 due to their chemical characteristics. Another technique to overcome the trade-off limitation is fabricating MMMs that incorporate both polymeric membrane material and inorganic filler. However, MMM fabrication presents challenges such as polymer-filler incompatibility, void formation, and filler agglomeration due to unsuitable filler. Functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-F) were reviewed as fillers that are able to overcome the dispersion and polymer-compatibility issues and increase the gas separation performance of membranes. Hence, MMM that is fabricated from PEG, PES, and MWCNTs-F that combines both polymer blending and MMM techniques is believed to be a breakthrough for CO2/N2 separation.

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Abbreviations

6FDA-Durene:

4,4′-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene)-diphthalic anhydride-2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,3-phenyldiamine

CA:

Cellulose acetate

CAB:

Cellulose acetate butyrate

CH4 :

Methane

CMS:

Carbon molecular sieves

CNTs:

Carbon nanotubes

CO:

Carbon monoxide

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

dC i/dx :

Concentration gradient of component i over length of x

D ij :

Diffusion coefficient

d p :

Pore size

d s :

Molecular size of transported species

GO:

Graphene oxide

H2 :

Hydrogen

H2O:

Water

J i :

Flux of component i

MEA:

Monoethanolamine

MMM:

Mixed matrix membrane

MMMs:

Mixed matrix membranes

M-PVDF:

Modified poly(vinylidene fluoride)

MWCNTs:

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes

N2 :

Nitrogen

NIPS:

Non-solvent induced phase separation

NOx :

Nitrogen oxides

O2 :

Oxygen

P84:

Polyimide P84

PEBA:

Polyether-block-amide

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

PEI:

Polyetherimide

PES:

Polyethersulfone

PI:

Polyimide

PSA:

Pressure swing adsorption

PSF:

Polysulfone

PTFPMS:

Polytrifluoropropylmethylsiloxane

PU:

Polyurethane

PVA:

Polyvinyl alcohol

PVAc:

Polyvinyl acetate

PVDF:

Poly(vinylidene fluoride)

SO2 :

Sulfur dioxide

SWCNTs:

Single-walled carbon nanotubes

T g :

Glass transition temperature

TIPS:

Thermal induced phase separation

TSA:

Temperature swing adsorption

VIPS:

Vapor induced phase separation

ZIF-8:

Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8

Zn/Ni-ZIF-8:

Nickel-substituted seolitic imidazolate framework-8

λ :

Mean free path

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  1. School of Engineering and Science, Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia

    Kar Kit Wong & Zeinab Abbas Jawad

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Wong, K.K., Jawad, Z.A. A review and future prospect of polymer blend mixed matrix membrane for CO2 separation. J Polym Res 26, 289 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-019-1978-z

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