Issue 4, 2020

A controllable strategy for the self-assembly of WM nanocrystals/nitrogen-doped porous carbon superstructures (M = O, C, P, S, and Se) for sodium and potassium storage

Abstract

Complex superstructures assembled from simple building blocks have attracted a wide range of interest in engineering materials due to their synergistic and enhanced properties. Herein, a controllable and effective strategy to assemble hierarchical superstructures using a W-polydopamine (W-PDA) complex as the binder and SiO2@C solid spheres as the blocks is demonstrated. The micro-sized complex 3D W-PDA superstructure assembled from SiO2@C solid spheres is first formed in a water/ethanol system through the side-by-side assembly mechanism. After carbonization, phosphorization, sulfuration and selenization heat treatment and etching processes, a series of 3D complex superstructures with WM (M = O, C, P, S, and Se) nanocrystals and N-doped porous carbon (N–PC) with superporous structures derived from SiO2 blocks are generated. The well-organized WM nanocrystals can provide more active sites for Na+/K+ insertion and extraction, while the N-doped carbon matrix with superporous structures can enhance electrical conductivity and stabilize the structural integrity of the overall electrode. As a proof of concept, the WSe2/N–PC superstructure with a large interlayer space displays preeminent rate performance and remarkable cycling stability for both SIBs (390 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 over 200 cycles) and PIBs (220 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 over 200 cycles). This approach will open an avenue to new multifunctional complex superstructures for more energy storage and conversion applications.

Graphical abstract: A controllable strategy for the self-assembly of WM nanocrystals/nitrogen-doped porous carbon superstructures (M = O, C, P, S, and Se) for sodium and potassium storage

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
14 Oct 2019
Accepted
07 Dec 2019
First published
10 Dec 2019

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2020,8, 2047-2065

A controllable strategy for the self-assembly of WM nanocrystals/nitrogen-doped porous carbon superstructures (M = O, C, P, S, and Se) for sodium and potassium storage

X. Jiao, X. Liu, B. Wang, G. Wang, X. Wang and H. Wang, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2020, 8, 2047 DOI: 10.1039/C9TA11312F

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