Abstract
Solid acid catalysts are largely used in several industrial processes, and the development of materials with high activity, selectivity and reusability is a subject of study of research groups around the world. The improvement of oxide acidity could be performed by phosphation with phosphoric acid but the investigation of phosphated niobia is still incipient. In this work, niobia was treated with phosphoric acid solutions to generate catalysts with higher esterification activity at mild condition. The phosphated catalysts were obtained and characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption, NH3 and pyridine chemisorption and FTIR, and were tested in the esterification of acetic acid with ethanol at 60 °C and RT. DFPT calculations indicated that H2PO4 group was the predominant phosphate species on the hydroxylated surface. Theoretical results also show that ethanol adsorbs preferentially at H2PO4 acidic sites on the phosphated catalyst as compared to acetic acid.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank CBMM (Companhia Brasileira de Metalurgia e Mineração) for furnishing niobia sample and FAPERJ for the financial support granted under the program “Support of Scientific and Technological Research in Green Chemistry (E_17/2014)”. CNPq is also acknowledged for financial support.
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Rocha, A.S., Costa, G.C., de Araujo, L.R.R. et al. Insights into the Phosphate Species on Niobia Treated with H3PO4. Catal Lett 150, 1496–1504 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-019-03056-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-019-03056-3