Abstract
The Tutte poynomial T(G; x, y) of a graph G is a two-variable graph polynomial, and it gives interesting information about the graph. Many chemically interesting polycyclic polymers can be modeled by uniform or non-uniform polycyclic graphs. In this paper, we consider the Tutte poynomial of several classes of alternating polycyclic chains which contain phenylene chains and their dicyclobutadieno derivatives as special cases. Further, explicit closed formula of the number of spanning trees, the number of spanning forests and the number of spanning connected subgraphs of phenylenes (resp. the dicyclobutadieno derivatives of phenylenes) are obtained.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
B. Bollobás, Modern Graph Theory (Springer, New York, 1998)
C. Brennan, T. Mansour, E. Mphako-Banda, Tutte polynomials of wheels via generating functions. Bull. Iran. Math. Soc. 39, 881–891 (2013)
S. Chang, R. Shrock, Tutte polynomials and related asymptotic limiting functions for recursive families of graphs. Adv. Appl. Math. 32, 44–87 (2004)
H. Chen, H. Deng, Tutte polynomial of scale-free networks. J. Stat. Phys. 163, 714–732 (2016)
J. Chapman, J. Foos et al., Pairwise disagreements of Kekulé, Clar, and Fries numbers for benzenoids: a mathematical and computational investigation. MATCH Commun. Math. Comput. Chem. 80, 189–206 (2018)
A.A. Dobrynin, A.Y. Vesnin, On a recursive polynomial graph invariant for chains of polygons. Vychisl. Sist. 155, 87–102 (1996)
A.A. Dobrynin, A.Y. Vesnin, On deletion-contraction polynomials for polycyclic chains. MATCH Commun. Math. Comput. Chem. 72, 845–864 (2014)
H. Deng, J. Yang, F. Xia, A general modeling of some vertex-degree based topological indices in benzenoid systems and phenylenes. Comput. Math. Appl. 61, 3017–3023 (2011)
A. Donno, D. Iacono, The Tutte polynomial of the Sierpiński and Hanoi graphs. Adv. Geom. 13, 663–694 (2013)
T. Došlić, Planar polycyclic graphs and their Tutte polynomials. J. Math. Chem. 51, 1599–1607 (2013)
T. Došlić, On the number of spanning trees in alternating polycyclic chains. J. Math. Chem. 56, 2794–2800 (2018)
J. Ellis-Monaghan, C. Merino, Graph polynomial and their applications I: the Tutee polynomial, in Structural Analysis of Complex Networks, ed. by M. Dehmer (Birkhauser, Boston, 2011)
G.H. Fath-Tabar, Z. Gholam-Rezaei, A.R. Ashrafi, On the Tutte polynomial of benzenoid chains. Iran. J. Math. Chem. 3, 113–119 (2012)
D. Garijo, M.E. Gegúndez, A. Márquez, M.P. Revuelta, F. Sagols, Computing the Tutte polynomial of Archimedean tilings. Appl. Math. Comput. 242, 842–885 (2014)
H. Gong, X. Jin, Potts model partition functions on two families of fractal lattices. Physica A 414, 143–153 (2014)
H. Gong, X. Jin, F. Zhang, Tutte polynomials for benzenoid systems with one branched hexagon. J. Math. Chem. 54, 1057–1071 (2016)
H. Gong, X. Jin, F. Zhang, Erratum to: Tutte polynomials for benzenoid systems with one branched hexagon. J. Math. Chem. 54, 1748–1749 (2016)
I. Gutman, O.E. Polansky, Mathematical Concepts in Organic Chemistry (Springer, Berlin, 1986)
H. Hosoya, On some counting polynomials in chemistry. Discret. Appl. Math. 19, 239–257 (1988)
F. Jaeger, D. Vertigan, D. Welsh, On the computational complexity of the Jones and Tutte polynomials. Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 108, 35–53 (1990)
S. Jaeger, L. Radovic, R. Sazdanovic, Tutte and Jones polynomials of links, polyominoes and graphical recombination patterns. J. Math. Chem. 49, 79–94 (2011)
J.V. Knop, N. Trinajstic, Chemical graph theory. II. On the graph theoretical polynomials of conjugated structures. Int. J. Quantum Chem. 18, 503–520 (1980)
F. Li, H. Broersma, J. Rada, Y. Sun, Extremal benzenoid systems for two modified versions of the Randić index. Appl. Math. Comput. 337, 14–24 (2018)
W. Li, Z. Qin, H. Zhang, Extremal hexagonal chains with respect to the coefficients sum of the permanental polynomial. Appl. Math. Comput. 291, 30–38 (2016)
Y. Liao, A. Fang, Y. Hou, The Tutte polynomial of an infinite family of outerplanar, small-world and self-similar graphs. Physica A 392, 4584–4593 (2013)
Y. Liao, Y. Hou, X. Shen, Tutte polynomial of a small-world Farey graph. Europhys. Lett. 104, 5065–5083 (2013)
Y. Liao, Y. Hou, X. Shen, Tutte polynomial of the Apollonian network. J. Stat. Mech. Theory E 10, P10043 (2014)
E. Mphako-Banda, Tutte polynomials of flower graphs. Bull. Iran. Math. Soc. 35, 179–190 (2009)
Y. Peng, S. Li, On the Kirchhoff index and the number of spanning trees of linear phenylenes. MATCH Commun. Math. Comput. Chem. 77, 756–780 (2017)
R. Shrock, Exact Potts model partition functions for ladder graphs. Physica A 283, 388–446 (2000)
R. Shrock, Exact Potts/Tutte polynomials for polygon chain graphs. J. Phys. A 44, 145002 (2011)
W.T. Tutte, A contribution to the theory of chromatic polynomials. Can. J. Math. 6, 80–91 (1954)
N. Tratnik, Formula for calculating the Wiener polarity index with applications to benzenoid graphs and phenylenes. J. Math. Chem. 57, 370–383 (2019)
C. Xiao, H. Chen, A.M. Raigorodskii, A connection between the Kekulé structures of pentagonal chains and the Hosoya index of caterpillar trees. Discret. Appl. Math. 232, 230–234 (2017)
J. Zhang, H. Deng, S. Chen, Second order Randić index of phenylenes and their corresponding hexagonal squeeze. J. Math. Chem. 42, 941–947 (2007)
Acknowledgements
This work is partially supported by the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (2018JJ2249) and Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate (CX2017B170).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chen, H., Guo, Q. Tutte polynomials of alternating polycyclic chains. J Math Chem 57, 2248–2260 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10910-019-01069-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10910-019-01069-2