Studies in Mycology

Studies in Mycology

Volume 87, June 2017, Pages 257-421
Studies in Mycology

Mycosphaerellaceae – Chaos or clarity?

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2017.09.003Get rights and content
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Abstract

The Mycosphaerellaceae represent thousands of fungal species that are associated with diseases on a wide range of plant hosts. Understanding and stabilising the taxonomy of genera and species of Mycosphaerellaceae is therefore of the utmost importance given their impact on agriculture, horticulture and forestry. Based on previous molecular studies, several phylogenetic and morphologically distinct genera within the Mycosphaerellaceae have been delimited. In this study a multigene phylogenetic analysis (LSU, ITS and rpb2) was performed based on 415 isolates representing 297 taxa and incorporating ex-type strains where available. The main aim of this study was to resolve the phylogenetic relationships among the genera currently recognised within the family, and to clarify the position of the cercosporoid fungi among them. Based on these results many well-known genera are shown to be paraphyletic, with several synapomorphic characters that have evolved more than once within the family. As a consequence, several old generic names including Cercosporidium, Fulvia, Mycovellosiella, Phaeoramularia and Raghnildiana are resurrected, and 32 additional genera are described as new. Based on phylogenetic data 120 genera are now accepted within the family, but many currently accepted cercosporoid genera still remain unresolved pending fresh collections and DNA data. The present study provides a phylogenetic framework for future taxonomic work within the Mycosphaerellaceae.

Key words

Multi-gene phylogeny
Mycosphaerella
Plant pathogen
Taxonomy

Taxonomic novelties: New genera

Australosphaerella Videira & Crous
Brunswickiella Videira & Crous
Catenulocercospora C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Cercoramularia Videira, H.D. Shin, C. Nakash. & Crous
Chuppomyces Videira & Crous
Clarohilum Videira & Crous
Collarispora Videira & Crous
Coremiopassalora U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Deightonomyces Videira & Crous
Devonomyces Videira & Crous
Distocercosporaster Videira, H.D. Shin, C. Nakash. & Crous
Distomycovellosiella U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Exopassalora Videira & Crous
Exutisphaerella Videira & Crous
Graminopassalora U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Hyalocercosporidium Videira & Crous
Hyalozasmidium U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Madagascaromyces U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Micronematomyces U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Neocercosporidium Videira & Crous
Neophloeospora Videira & Crous
Nothopassalora U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Nothopericoniella Videira & Crous
Nothophaeocryptopus Videira, C. Nakash., U. Braun, Crous
Pachyramichloridium Videira & Crous
Paracercosporidium Videira & Crous
Paramycovellosiella Videira, H.D. Shin & Crous
Parapallidocercospora Videira, Crous, U. Braun, C. Nakash.
Pleopassalora Videira & Crous
Pleuropassalora U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Pluripassalora Videira & Crous
Pseudopericoniella Videira & Crous
Pseudophaeophleospora U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Pseudozasmidium Videira & Crous
Rhachisphaerella Videira & Crous
Rosisphaerella Videira & Crous
Sultanimyces Videira & Crous
Virosphaerella Videira & Crous
Xenosonderhenioides Videira & Crous

New species

Cercoramularia koreana Videira, H.D. Shin, C. Nakash. & Crous
Hyalocercosporidium desmodii Videira & Crous
Hyalozasmidium sideroxyli U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Neoceratosperma legnephoricola U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Neoceratosperma haldinae U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Ramulispora sorghiphila U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Zasmidium elaeocarpi U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Zasmidium grevilleae U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Zasmidium hakeae U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Zasmidium eucalypticola U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Zasmidium schini U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Xenosonderhenioides indonesiana C. Nakash., Videira & Crous

New combinations

Amycosphaerella keniensis (Crous & T.A. Cout.) Videira & Crous
Australosphaerella nootherensis (Carnegie) Videira & Crous
Brunswickiella parsonsiae (Crous & Summerell) Videira & Crous
Chuppomyces handelii (Bubák) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Catenulocercospora fusimaculans (G.F. Atk.) C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Cercosporidium californicum (S.T. Koike & Crous) Videira & Crous
Clarohilum henningsii (Allesch.) Videira & Crous
Clypeosphaerella calotropidis (Ellis & Everh.) Videira & Crous
Coremiopassalora eucalypti (Crous & Alfenas) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Coremiopassalora leptophlebae (Crous et al.) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Collarispora valgourgensis (Crous) Videira & Crous
Deightonomyces daleae (Ellis & Kellerm.) Videira & Crous
Devonomyces endophyticus (Crous & H. Sm. Ter) Videira & Crous
Distocercosporaster dioscoreae (Ellis & G. Martin) Videira, H.D. Shin, C. Nakash. & Crous
Distomycovellosiella brachycarpa (Syd.) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Exopassalora zambiae (Crous & T.A. Cout.) Videira & Crous
Exutisphaerella laricina (R. Hartig) Videira & Crous
Fusoidiella anethi (Pers.) Videira & Crous
Graminopassalora graminis (Fuckel) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Hyalozasmidium aerohyalinosporum (Crous & Summerell) Videira & Crous
Madagascaromyces intermedius (Crous & M.J. Wingf.) Videira & Crous
Micronematomyces caribensis (Crous & Den Breeÿen) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Micronematomyces chromolaenae (Crous & Den Breeÿen) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Neocercosporidium smilacis (Thüm.) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Neophloeospora maculans (Bérenger) Videira & Crous
Nothopassalora personata (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Nothopericoniella perseae-macranthae (Hosag. & U. Braun) Videira & Crous
Nothophaeocryptopus gaeumannii (T. Rohde) Videira, C. Nakash., U. Braun, Crous
Pachyramichloridium pini (de Hoog & Rahman) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Paracercosporidium microsorum (Sacc.) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Paracercosporidium tiliae (Peck) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Paramycosphaerella wachendorfiae (Crous) Videira & Crous
Paramycovellosiella passaloroides (G. Winter) Videira, H.D. Shin & Crous
Parapallidocercospora colombiensis (Crous et al.) Videira & Crous
Parapallidocercospora thailandica (Crous et al.) Videira & Crous
Phaeocercospora juniperina (Georgescu & Badea) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Pleopassalora perplexa (Beilharz et al.) Videira & Crous
Pleuropassalora armatae (Crous & A.R. Wood) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Pluripassalora bougainvilleae (Munt.-Cvetk.) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Pseudocercospora convoluta (Crous & Den Breeÿen) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Pseudocercospora nodosa (Constant.) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Pseudocercospora zambiensis (Deighton) Crous & U. Braun
Pseudopericoniella levispora (Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous) Videira & Crous
Pseudophaeophleospora atkinsonii (Syd.) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Pseudophaeophleospora stonei (Crous) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Pseudozasmidium eucalypti (Crous & Summerell) Videira & Crous
Pseudozasmidium nabiacense (Crous & Carnegie) Videira & Crous
Pseudozasmidium parkii (Crous & Alfenas) Videira & Crous
Pseudozasmidium vietnamense (Barber & T.I. Burgess) Videira & Crous
Ragnhildiana ampelopsidis (Peck) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Ragnhildiana diffusa (Heald & F.A. Wolf) Videira & Crous
Ragnhildiana ferruginea (Fuckel) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Ragnhildiana gnaphaliaceae (Cooke) Videira, H.D. Shin, C. Nakash. & Crous
Ragnhildiana perfoliati (Ellis & Everh.) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Ragnhildiana pseudotithoniae (Crous & Cheew.) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Rhachisphaerella mozambica (Arzanlou & Crous) Videira & Crous
Rosisphaerella rosicola (Pass.) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Sultanimyces vitiphyllus (Speschnew) Videira & Crous
Utrechtiana roumeguerei (Cavara) Videira & Crous
Virosphaerella irregularis (Cheew. et al.) Videira & Crous
Virosphaerella pseudomarksii (Cheew. et al.) Videira & Crous
Zasmidium arcuatum (Arzanlou et al.) Videira & Crous
Zasmidium biverticillatum (Arzanlou & Crous) Videira & Crous
Zasmidium cerophilum (Tubaki) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Zasmidium daviesiae (Cooke & Massee) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Zasmidium gupoyu (R. Kirschner) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Zasmidium iteae (R. Kirschner) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Zasmidium proteacearum (D.E. Shaw & Alcorn) U. Braun, C. Nakash. & Crous
Zasmidium pseudotsugae (V.A.M. Mill. & Bonar) Videira & Crous
Zasmidium pseudovespa (Carnegie) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous
Zasmidium strelitziae (Arzanlou et al.) Videira & Crous
Zasmidium tsugae (Dearn.) Videira & Crous
Zasmidium velutinum (G. Winter) Videira & Crous

New names and their replaced synonyms

Exosporium livistonicola U. Braun, Videira & Crous for Distocercospora livistonae U. Braun & C.F. Hill
Pseudocercospora platanigena Videira & Crous for Stigmella platani Fuckel, non Pseudocercospora platani (J.M. Yen) J.M. Yen 1979
Zasmidium musae-banksii Videira & Crous for Ramichloridium australiense Arzanlou & Crous, non Zasmidium australiense (J.L. Mulder) U. Braun & Crous 2013
Zasmidium musigenum Videira & Crous for Veronaea musae Stahel ex M.B. Ellis, non Zasmidium musae (Arzanlou & Crous) Crous & U. Braun 2010

Epitypes

Cercospora brachycarpa Syd.
Cercospora smilacis Thüm.
Cercospora gomphrenicola Speg.
Cercospora microsora Sacc.
Cercospora tiliae Peck
Cladosporium bacilligerum Mont. & Fr.
Cladosporium chaetomium Cooke
Cladosporium fulvum Cooke
Cladosporium lonicericola Yong H. He & Z.Y. Zhang
Cladosporium personatum Berk. & M.A. Curtis
Clasterosporium degenerans Syd. & P. Syd.
Cryptosporium acicola Thüm.
Helicoma fasciculatum Berk. & M.A. Curtis.
Isariopsis griseola Sacc.
Septoria martiniana Sacc

Neotypes

Cercospora cajani Henn.
Cercospora mangiferae Koord.
Sphaerella laricina R. Hartig

Lectotypes (basionyms)

Adelopus gaeumannii T. Rohde
Biharia vangueriae Thirum. & Mishra
Cercospora desmodii Ellis & Kellerm.
Cercospora ferruginea Fuckel
Cercospora gnaphaliacea Cooke
Cercospora rosicola Pass.
Cercosporidium helleri Earle
Cercospora henningsii Allesch.
Cladosporium fulvum Cooke
Cladosporium bacilligerum Mont. & Fr.
Cercospora microsora Sacc.
Cercospora henningsii Allesch.
Coryneum vitiphyllum Speschnew
Cryptosporium acicola Thüm.
Isariopsis griseola Sacc.
Scolicotrichum roumeguerei Briosi & Cavara
Sphaerella araneosa Rehm
Stictosepta cupularis Petr.
Stigmella platani Fuckel
Tapeinosporium viride Bonord

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Peer review under responsibility of Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute.