Abstract
Aim
This study aims to evaluate the impact of seed primimg with soil microorganism on the germination and metabolism of pearl millet seeds when exposed to the allelopathic effects of some specific weed extracts.
Methods
Pearl millet seeds were categorized into five distinct groups. Four of these groups were subjected to priming with different soil microorganisms: Bacillus velezensis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Serratia marcescens, and Trichoderma viride. The remaining, fifth group underwent hydropriming. Subsequently, these groups were subjected to germination in the presence of weed extracts, a process that extended over five days. Following germination, various factors were assessed, including germination percentage, radicle and plumule length, and seed vigor. Furthermore, the study encompassed the analysis of biochemical parameters such carbohydrate and phytate hydrolysis, oxidative stress markers, antioxidant enzyme activity, and secondary metabolite.
Results
The findings of the study revealed that biopriming of pearl millet seeds with soil microorganisms led to a significant enhancement in germination, even when exposed to different weed extract treatments. This improvement was chiefly manifested through heightened levels of antioxidant enzymes, which mitigate the oxidative stress induced by the weed treatments. Moreover, the biopriming process improved the hydrolysis in germinated seeds, resulting in energy savings and a reduction in carbon utilization for secondary metabolism through the shikimic acid pathway and the phenylpropanol pathway. This facilitated the production of defense molecules like phenols and flavonoids.
Conclusion
Seed priming with soil microorganism ultimately bolsters the seeds’ tolerance against allelochemicals originating from weed residue treatments.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article and its supplementary file.
References
Ahmed TA, Abou Elezz A, Al-Sayed NH (2019) Dataset of allelopathic effects of Casuarina equisetifolia-L leaf aquatic extract on seed germination and growth of selected plant crops. Data Brief 27:104770. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2019.104770
Ajeesh KTP, Maharajan T, Ceasar SA (2022) Improvement of millets in the post-genomic era. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 28:669–685. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-022-01158-8
Al Hijab LYA, Al-Hazmi NE, Naguib DM (2024) Rhizobacteria-priming improves common bean seeds germination under different abiotic stresses through improving hydrolysis and antioxidant enzymes kinetics parameters. Rhizosphere 29:100842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rhisph.2023.100842
Al-Hazmi NE, Naguib DM (2022) Amylase properties and its metal tolerance during rice germination improved by priming with rhizobacteria. Rhizosphere 22:100518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rhisph.2022.100518
Alexieva V, Sergio I, Mapelli S, Karanov E (2001) The effect of drought and ultraviolet radiation on growth and stress markers in pea and wheat. Plant Cell Environ 24:1337–1344. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2001.00778.x
Barros J, Dixon RA (2020) Plant phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia-lyases. Trends Plant Sci 25:66–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2019.09.011
Batool M, El-Badri AM, Wang C, Mohamed IAA, Wang Z, Khatab A, Bashir F, Xu Z, Wang J, Kuai J, Wang B, Zhou G (2022) The role of storage reserves and their mobilization during seed germination under drought stress conditions of rapeseed cultivars with high and low oil contents. Crop Environ 1(4):231–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crope.2022.09.003
Beyer WF Jr (1987) Assaying for superoxide dismutase activity: some large consequences of minor changes in conditions. Anal Biochem 161:559–566. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(87)90489-1
Blaise D, Velmourougane K, Santosh S, Manikandan A (2021) Intercrop mulch affects soil biology and microbial diversity in rainfed transgenic bt cotton hybrids. Sci Total Environ 794:148787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148787
Bo AB, Khaitov B, Umurzokov M, Cho KM, Park KW, Choi JS (2020) Biological control using plant pathogens in weed management. Weed Turfgrass Sci 9:11–19. https://doi.org/10.5660/WTS.2020.9.1.11
Campbell MM, Ellis BE (1992) Fungal elicitor-mediated responses in pine cell cultures. Planta 186:409–417. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00195322
Chakraborty R (2022) Role of secondary metabolites and prospects of engineering secondary metabolite production for crop improvement. In: Roy S, Mathur P, Chakraborty AP, Saha SP (eds) Plant stress: challenges and management in the new decade. advances in science, technology & innovation. Springer, Cham, pp 401–419. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95365-2_25
Charudattan R (2024) Use of plant viruses as bioherbicides: the first virus-based bioherbicide and future opportunities. Pest Manag Sci 80:103–114. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.7760
Chinyo M, Raj S, Manjesh G (2023) Weed management with pre- and post-emergence herbicide in rainfed pearl millet under conservation agriculture. Ind J Weed Sci 55:223–227. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2023.00041.2
Choudhary CS, Behera B, Raza MB, Mrunalini K, Bhoi TK, Lal MK, Nongmaithem D, Pradhan S, Song B, Das TK (2023) Mechanisms of allelopathic interactions for sustainable weed management. Rhizosphere 25:100667. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rhisph.2023.100667
de Matos CC, Monteiro LCP, Gallo SAD, Costa MD, da Silva AA (2019) Changes in soil microbial communities modulate interactions between maize and weeds. Plant Soil 440:249–264. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-04066-1
de Souza Coelho LC, Mignoni DSB, Barbedo CJ (2022) Braga MR (2022) seed leachates of the tropical legume Sesbania virgata: their effects on germination and seedling growth of tomato and rice. Acta Physiol Plant 44:96. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-022-03431-5
El Moukhtari A, Ksiaa M, Zorrig W, Cabassa C, Abdelly C, Farissi M, Savoure A (2023) How silicon alleviates the effect of abiotic stresses during seed germination: a review. J Plant Growth Regul 42:3323–3341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-022-10794-z
Fang W, Liu F, Wu Z, Zhang Z, Wang K (2022) Plant-associated bacteria as sources for the development of Bioherbicides. Plants 11(23):3404. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11233404
Gangaiah B, Yadav AK (2024) Modern crop management practices for pearl millet cultivation in Asia. In: Tonapi VA, Thirunavukkarasu N, Gupta S, Gangashetty PI, Yadav O (eds) Pearl millet in the 21st Century. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-5890-0_18
Ghannad R, Haghjou MM, Raza A, Hasanuzzaman M (2022) Induction of hydrolytic enzyme activities in dormant seeds of Dracocephalum Kotschyi Boiss. Causes improvement of germination and seedling vigor indices. Acta Physiol Plant 44:48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-022-03381-y
Guo H, Lyv Y, Zheng W, Yang C, Li Y, Wang X, Chen R, Wang C, Luo J, Qu L (2021) Comparative Metabolomics reveals two metabolic modules affecting seed germination in Rice (Oryza sativa). Metabolites 11(12):880. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11120880
Haroon U, Khizar M, Liaquat F, Ali M, Akbar M, Tahir K, Batool SS, Kamal A, Chaudhary HJ, Munis MFH (2022) Halotolerant plant growth-promoting Rhizobacteria induce salinity tolerance in wheat by enhancing the expression of SOS genes. J Plant Growth Regul 41:2435–2448. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-021-10457-5
Hassan ZM, Sebola NA, Mabelebele M (2021) The nutritional use of millet grain for food and feed: a review. Agric Food Secur 10:16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-020-00282-6
Jampílek J, Kráľová K (2022) Chap. 10 - Biopesticides for management of arthropod pests and weeds. In: Rakshit A, Meena VS, Abhilash PC, Sarma BK, Singh HB, Fraceto L, Parihar M, Singh AK. Advances in Bio-inoculant Science, Biopesticides. Woodhead Publishing. pp 133–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-823355-9.00009-2
Jelena GP, Mile S, Stefan G, Ljubica ST (2023) Weed biological control with fungi-based bioherbicides. Acta Agric Serbica 28:23–37. https://doi.org/10.5937/AASer2355023G
Jha Y, Mohamed HI (2022) Plant secondary metabolites as a tool to investigate biotic stress tolerance in plants: a review. Gesunde Pflanzen 74:771–790. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-022-00669-4
Kakhaki SHN, Montazeri M, Naseri B (2017) Biocontrol of broomrape using Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. orthoceras in tomato crops under field conditions. Biocontrol Sci Tech 27(12):1435–1444. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2017.1409338
Kakhki SHN, Moini MR, Naseri B (2022a) Forecasting bean yield losses under weed and fusarium impacts from field plot statistical modeling. Rhizosphere 21:100461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rhisph.2021.10046
Kakhki SHN, Taghaddosi MV, Moini MR, Naseri B (2022b) How predict bean production according to complex interactions between bean growth, fusarium and rhizoctonia root rots, fly and weed development under different planting dates and weed control treatments? Heliyon 8(11):e11322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11322
Kar M, Mishra D (1976) Catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase activities during rice leaf senescence. Plant Physiol 57:315–319. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.57.2.315
Kaur M, Tak Y, Bhatia S, Kaur H (2023) Phenolics biosynthesis, targets, and Signaling pathways in ameliorating oxidative stress in plants. In: Lone R, Khan S, Mohammed Al-Sadi A (eds) Plant phenolics in abiotic stress Management. Springer, Singapore, pp 149–171. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6426-8_8
Khatri K, Bargali K, Bargali SS, Negi B (2023) Effects of leaf residues from Ageratina adenophora on germination, growth and productivity of two rabi crops. Acta Ecol Sinica 43(2):363–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2022.05.001
Kotra V, Singh M, Kumar C, Pandey S (2023) Deciphering the role and diversity of microbes present in millet rhizosphere. In: Pudake RN, Kumari M, Sapkal DR, Sharma AK (eds) Millet rhizosphere. rhizosphere biology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2166-9_8
Kumar SPJ, Chintagunta AD, Reddy YM, Rajjou L, Garlapati VK, Agarwal DK, Prasad SR, Simal-Gandara J (2021) Implications of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in seed physiology for sustainable crop productivity under changing climate conditions. Curr Plant Biol 26:100197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpb.2021.100197
Li HS (2000) Principles and techniques of plant physiological biochemical experiment, 2nd edn. Higher Education Press, Beijing, pp 260–263
Liu A, Wang Y, Wang T, Zhu Y, Wu P, Li L (2023) Comparative metabolomic profiling of secondary metabolites in different tissues of Euryale ferox and functional characterization of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. Ind Crops Prods 195:116450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2023.116450
Lourenzi CR, Loss A, Souza M, Comin JJ, Lovato PE, Soares CRFS (2022) The role of PGPR secondary metabolites in alleviating Allelopathic effects (biotic stress) and induced tolerance in plants. In: Sayyed RZ, Uarrota VG (eds) Secondary metabolites and volatiles of PGPR in plant-growth promotion. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07559-9_8
Makhaye G, Mofokeng MM, Tesfay S, Aremu AO, Staden JV, Amoo SO (2021) Chap. 5 - Influence of plant biostimulant application on seed germination. In: Gupta S, Staden JV (eds) Biostimulants for crops from seed germination to plant development. Academic, pp 109–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-823048-0.00014-9
Malalgoda M, Ohm JB, Howatt KA, Green A, Simsek S (2020) Effects of pre-harvest glyphosate use on protein composition and shikimic acid accumulation in spring wheat. Food Chem 332:127422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127422
Marini F, Weyl P, Vidović B, Petanović R, Littlefield J, Simoni S, de Lillo E, Cristofaro M, Smith L (2021) Eriophyid mites in classical Biological control of weeds: Progress and challenges. Insects 12(6):513. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12060513
Mishra UN, Dey P, Singhal RK, Sahu C, Jena D, Nanda SP, Chauhan J (2023) Plant phenolics: as antioxidants and potent compounds under multiple stresses. In: Lone R, Khan S, Mohammed Al-Sadi A (eds) Plant phenolics in abiotic stress management. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6426-8_11
Mitra D, Mondal R, Khoshru B, Shadangi S, Mohapatra PKD, Panneerselvam P (2021) Rhizobacteria mediated seed bio-priming triggers the resistance and plant growth for sustainable crop production. Curr Res Micro Sci 2:100071. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100071
Naseri B (2023) Chap. 5 - The potential of agroecological properties in fulfilling the promise of organic farming: a case study of bean root rots and yields in Iran. In: Sarathchandran UMR, Thomas S, Meena DK (eds) Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition, Organic Farming, 2nd edn. Woodhead Publishing, pp 203–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-99145-2.00011-2
Naseri B, Kakhki SHN (2022) Predicting common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) productivity according to Rhizoctonia root and stem rot and weed development at field plot scale. Front Plant Sci 13:1038538. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1038538
Naseri B, Safaee D (2023) Rust weather & wheat yield yellow rust, wheat cultivar, and weather conditions are influencing crop yield. World J Environ Biosci 12(3):20–26. https://doi.org/10.51847/hbgyThRY85
Naseri B, Veisi M, Khaledi N (2018) Towards a better understanding of agronomic and soil basis for possible charcoal root rot control and production improvement in bean. Archi Phytopathol Plant Prot 51(7–8):349–358. https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2018.1481721
Nautiyal PC, Sivasubramaniam K, Dadlani M (2023) Seed dormancy and regulation of germination. In: Dadlani M, Yadava DK (eds) Seed science and technology. Springer, Singapore, pp 39–66. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5888-5_3
Neto JRC, dos Santos MSN, Mazutti MA, Zabot GL, Tres MV (2021) Phoma Dimorpha phytotoxic activity potentialization for bioherbicide production. Biocat Agric Biotech 33:101986. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2021.101986
Nielsen SS (2017) Total carbohydrate by phenol-sulfuric acid method. Food Analysis Laboratory Manual. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44127-6_14
Padu K, Khanduri VP, Singh B, Rawat D, Riyal MK, Kumar KS (2023) Phytotoxicity of common weeds on germination, seedling growth, NPK uptake and chlorophyll content of four hill crops of Garhwal Himalaya. J Agric Food Res 12:100539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100539
Pallab K, Tapan BK, Tapas KP, Ramen K (2013) Estimation of total flavonoids content (TPC) and antioxidant activities of methanolic whole plant extract of Biophytum Sensitivum Linn. J Drug Deliv Therapeut 3:33–37. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v3i4.546
Pandey A, Bolia NB (2023) Millet value chain revolution for sustainability: A proposal for India. Socio-Econ Plan Sci 2023:101592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2023.101592
Paul S, Rakshit A (2023) Bio-priming with trichoderma enhanced faster reserve mobilization in germinating soybean cotyledons under graded macronutrients. J Plant Growth Regul 42:5461–5475. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-023-10929-w
Pérez-García L-A, Sáenz-Mata J, Fortis-Hernández M, Navarro-Muñoz CE, Palacio-Rodríguez R, Preciado-Rangel P (2023) Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria improve germination and bioactive compounds in cucumber seedlings. Agronomy 13(2):315. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020315
Qin Y, Li Q, An Q, Li D, Huang S, Zhao Y, Chen W, Zhou J, Liao H (2022) A phenylalanine ammonia-lyase from Fritillaria unibracteata promotes drought tolerance by regulating lignin biosynthesis and SA signaling pathway. Inter J Biol Macromol 213:574–588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.161
Qureshi JA, Abbas A, Salam IU, Bashir F, Siddiqui MF, Dias DA, El-Keblawy A, El-Sheikh MA, Abideen Z (2024) Assessing the effects of Pennisetum glaucum on the soil properties, growth, nutritive, and physiological aspects of the edible pulse crop (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek). J Plant Nutr 47:363–375. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2023.2277392
Rajčević N, Bukvički D, Stojković D, Soković M (2023) Biochemistry of secondary metabolism in plants. In: Carocho M, Heleno SA, Barros L (eds) Natural secondary metabolites. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18587-8_2
Ramandi A, Seifi A (2023) Suppressive soil microbiota inhibit wilting diseases and enhance growth in sesame. Rhizosphere 25:100668. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rhisph.2023.100668
Ramesh M, Abinaya S (2022) Chap. 12 - Synergistic effect of biosurfactant with bioherbicides and their effectiveness in the management of weeds. In: Adetunji ICO (eds) Applications of Biosurfactant in Agriculture. Academic Press. pp 227–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-822921-7.00005-2
Rasheed R, Ashraf MA, Hussain I, Ali S, Riaz M, Iqbal M, Farooq U, Qureshi FF (2022) Priming effect in developing abiotic stress tolerance in cereals through metabolome reprograming. In: Roychoudhury A, Aftab T, Acharya K (eds) Omics approach to manage abiotic stress in cereals. Springer, Singapore, pp 47–71. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0140-9_4
Raza T, Khan MY, Nadeem SM, Imran S, Qureshi KN, Mushtaq MN, Sohaib M, Schmalenberger A, Eash NS (2021) Biological management of selected weeds of wheat through co-application of allelopathic rhizobacteria and sorghum extract. Biol Control 164:104775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2021.104775
Roberts J, Florentine S, Fernando WGD, Tennakoon KU (2022) Achievements, developments and future challenges in the field of bioherbicides for weed control: a global review. Plants 11(17):2242. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11172242
Rogers G (2020) Desert Conservation and Management: Biodiversity Threats From Invasive Weeds. In: Goldstein M, DellaSala DA (eds) Encyclopedia of the World’s Biomes. Elsevier, pp 213–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.11796-8
Rösler J, Krekel F, Amrhein N, Schmid J (1997) Maize phenylalanine ammonia-lyase has tyrosine ammonia-lyase activity. Plant Physiol 113:175–179. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.113.1.175
Samota SR, Singh SP, Hansraj S, Ranjeet S, Godara AS (2022) Effect of weeds control measures on weeds and yield of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum L]. Ind J Weed Sci 54:95–97. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2022.00017.X
Samtiya M, Aluko RE, Dhewa T (2020) Plant food anti-nutritional factors and their reduction strategies: an overview. Food Prod Process Nutr 2:6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43014-020-0020-5
Saroop S, Chanda SV, Singh YD (2002) Changes in soluble and ionically bound peroxidase activities during Brassica juncea seed development. Bulg J Plant Physiol 28:26–34
Sarraf M, Janeeshma E, Arif N, Farooqi MQU, Kumar V, Ansari NA, Ghani MI, Ahanger MA, Hasanuzzaman M (2023) Understanding the role of beneficial elements in developing plant stress resilience: signalling and crosstalk with phytohormones and microbes. Plant Stress 10:100224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stress.2023.100224
Scavo A, Abbate C, Mauromicale G (2019) Plant allelochemicals: agronomic, nutritional and ecological relevance in the soil system. Plant Soil 442:23–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-04190-y
Singh V, Maharshi A, Singh DP, Upadhyay RS, Sarma BK, Singh HB (2018) Role of microbial seed priming and microbial phytohormone in modulating growth promotion and defense responses in plants. In: Rakshit A, Singh H (eds) Advances in seed priming. Springer, Singapore, pp 115–126. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0032-5_8
Singhal T, Satyavathi CT, Singh SP, Mallik M, Sankar SM, Bharadwaj C (2022) Mapping and identification of quantitative trait loci controlling test weight and seed yield of pearl millet in multi agro-climatic zones of India. Field Crops Res 288:108701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2022.108701
Šoln K, Klemenčič M, Koce JD (2022) Plant cell responses to allelopathy: from oxidative stress to programmed cell death. Protoplasma 259:1111–1124. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-021-01729-8
Sweellum TA, Naguib DM (2023) Tomato potato onion intercropping induces tomato resistance against soil-borne pathogen, Fusarium oxysporum through improvement soil enzymatic status, and the metabolic status of tomato root and shoot. J Plant Dis Prot 130:245–261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-022-00699-0
Tak Y, Kaur M, Gautam C, Kumar R, Tilgam J, Natta S (2023) Phenolic biosynthesis and metabolic pathways to alleviate stresses in plants. In: Lone R, Khan S, Mohammed Al-Sadi A (eds) Plant phenolics in abiotic stress management. Springer, Singapore, pp 63–87. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6426-8_4
Tan M, Ding Y, Bourdôt GW, Qiang S (2024) Evaluation of Bipolaris Yamadae as a bioherbicidal agent against grass weeds in arable crops. Pest Manag Sci 80:166–175. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.7630
Todero I, Confortin TC, Luft L, Seibel J, Kuhn RC, Tres MV, Zabot GL, Mazutti MA (2020) Concentration of exopolysaccharides produced by Fusarium fujikuroi and application of bioproduct as an effective bioherbicide. Environ Tech 41:2742–2749. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2019.1580775
Vambe MM, Coopoosamy RM, Arthur G, Naidoo K (2023) Potential role of vermicompost and its extracts in alleviating climatic impacts on crop production. J Agric Food Res 12:100585. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100585
Verma D, Banjo T, Chawan M, Teli N, Gavankar R (2020) Chap. 10 - Microbial Control of Pests and Weeds. In: Egbuna C, Sawicka B (eds) Natural Remedies for Pest, Disease and Weed Control. Academic Press, pp119–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819304-4.00010-5
Wang W, Zhang C, Zheng W, Lv H, Li J, Liang B, Zhou W (2022) Seed priming with protein hydrolysate promotes seed germination via reserve mobilization, osmolyte accumulation and antioxidant systems under PEG-induced drought stress. Plant Cell Rep 41:2173–2186. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-022-02914-6
Wei J, Xu L, Shi Y, Cheng T, Tan W, Zhao Y, Li C, Yang X, Ouyang L, Wei M, Wang J, Lu G (2023) Transcriptome profile analysis of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) during seed germination reveals the drought stress-induced genes associated with energy, hormone, and phenylpropanoid pathways. Plant Physiol Biochem 200:107750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107750
Xiao Z, Zou T, Lu S, Xu Z (2020) Soil microorganisms interacting with residue-derived allelochemicals effects on seed germination. Saudi J Biol Sci 27:1057–1065. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.01.013
Xu Z, Zuo L, Zhang Y, Huang R, Li L (2022) Is allelochemical synthesis in Casuarina equisetifolia plantation related to litter microorganisms? Front Plant Sci 13:1022984. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1022984
Yates RJ, Steel EJ, Edwards TJ, Harrison RJ, Hackney BF, Howieson JG (2024) Adverse consequences of herbicide residues on legumes in dryland agriculture. Field Crops Res 308:109271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109271
Yonli D, Traore H, Kountche BA (2024) Weed and striga management in pearl millet production systems in Sub-saharan Africa. In: Tonapi VA, Thirunavukkarasu N, Gupta S, Gangashetty PI, Yadav O (eds) Pearl millet in the 21st century. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-5890-0_15
Zareen S, Fawad M, Haroon M, Ahmad I, Zaman A (2022) Allelopathic potential of summer weeds on germination and growth performance of wheat and chickpea. J Nat Pesticide Res 1:100002. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.napere.2022.100002
Zelya IA, Anderson JAH, Owen MDK, Es RDL (2011) Evaluation of spectrophotometric and HPLC methods for shikimic acid determination in plants: models in glyphosate resistant and susceptible crops. J Agri Food Chem 59:2202–2212. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf1043426
Zhang X, Shen Y, Mu K, Cai W, Zhao Y, Shen H, Wang X, Ma H (2022) Phenylalanine ammonia Lyase GmPAL1.1 promotes seed vigor under high-temperature and -humidity stress and enhances seed germination under salt and drought stress in transgenic Arabidopsis Plants 11(23):3239. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11233239
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent for publication
Not applicable.
Competing interests
We declare that we have no competing interests.
Additional information
Responsible Editor: Beatriz Vazquez-de-Aldana.
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Al Hijab, L.Y.A., Albogami, A. & Naguib, D.M. Seed bioprimimg with soil microorganisms antagonize allelopathic effect of weeds residues on pearl millet germination. Plant Soil (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-06640-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-06640-8