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Development of acid-resistant seed pelletization formula and its effects on improving rapeseed growth in acidic soil

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Abstract

Background and aims

Soil acidification impedes crop growth. Seed pelletization was used to improve crop resistance to various stress environments but not acidic soil. This study aimed to develop rapeseed seed pelletization and to assess the promotional effects of pelletization on rapeseed growth under acidic conditions.

Methods

Two main acid-resistant functional agents (Ca(OH)2, and biochar) and a basic formula including sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, H3BO3, nano-silica, brassinolide, sodium naphthalene acetate, indoleacetic acid, and yeast metabolite were used to evaluate the effects on rapeseed growth by seed pelletization. Then, the mechanism of alleviating acidic stress by seed pelletization was investigated.

Results

A basic formula were developed by soil test. Three acid-resistant seed pelletization cases (① 0.5% Ca(OH)2 + a basic formula; ② 10% biochar + a basic formula; ③ 0.25% Ca(OH)2 + 5% biochar + a basic formula) were confirmed to have significant plant growth promotion. Compared to the unpelletized treatment, seed pelletization significantly increased root length and dry weight of rapeseed seedling by 67.32%-78.34% and 46.47%-74.12%, respectively. It also increased nutrient uptake and reduced the accumulation of toxic Al by 11.72%-16.23% in rapeseed roots. Moreover, seed pelletization modulated the local soil environment at the sowing site, increased soil pH by 0.88–1.11 in the microzone, thereby reducing the adverse effects of acidic stress.

Conclusion

Seed pelletization in rapeseed can enhance its tolerance to acidic stress and promote plant growth. Additionally, our results provide new insights into the strategies to alleviate the inhibitory effects of acidic soil.

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Data availability

All data supporting the findings of this study are available within the paper and within its supplementary data published online.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD1900705).

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Correspondence to Guangda Ding.

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11104_2024_6654_MOESM1_ESM.pdf

Supplementary file1 Supplementary Fig. S1 The germination rate of seeds pelletized with different concentrations of Ca(OH)2 and biochar in acidic soil. (A) Germination rate of the five different concentrations of Ca(OH)2 pelletized seeds. (B) Germination rate of the five different concentrations of biochar pelletized seeds. The different pelleted of Ca(OH)2 and biochar seeds were conduct a germination experiment in plastic pot with strongly acidic soil for three days. Values are the means ± SE (n = 3). A one-way ANOVA was carried out for the whole data set, and post hoc comparisons were conducted by Tukey's test at the P < 0.05 level. Significant differences are indicated by different letters above the bars. Supplementary Fig. S2 The germination rate of seeds with different pelletization cases in acidic soil. (A) Phenotype of the seedlings for three days. Scale bar = 1 cm. (B) Germination rate of the control (CK) and three practical cases of pelletized seeds. The CK and three practical cases of pelletized seeds were conduct a germination experiment in plastic pot with strongly acidic soil for three days. Values are the means ± SE (n = 3). A one-way ANOVA was carried out for the whole data set, and post hoc comparisons were conducted by Tukey's test at the P < 0.05 level. Significant differences are indicated by different letters above the bars. (PDF 530 kb)

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Ran, W., Xu, F., Zhang, Y. et al. Development of acid-resistant seed pelletization formula and its effects on improving rapeseed growth in acidic soil. Plant Soil (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-06654-2

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