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An emerging zoonosis: molecular detection of multidrug-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus from butchers’ knives, livestock products and contact surfaces

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Abstract

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) transmission in livestock, community, and healthcare settings poses a significant public health concern both locally and globally. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence, molecular detection, and antibiogram of the MRSA strain in fresh beef, contact surfaces, and butchers’ knives from the four major abattoirs (Karu, Gwagwalada, Deidei, and Kubwa) located in the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to collect 400 swab samples from butchers’ knives (132), fresh beef (136), and contact surfaces (132). Presumptive colonies on mannitol salt agar were subjected to culture, isolation, and biotyping. The antibiogram was carried out via a Kirby-Bauer disk containing eight antibiotics. MRSA was phenotypically confirmed by oxacillin-resistant screening agar base (ORSAB) and genotypically by PCR to detect the presence of the mecA gene. Out of the 400 samples, 47.24% of fresh beef, 37% of contact surfaces, and 64.33% of butchers’ knife swabs were Staphylococcus aureus positive. Thirty-two Staphylococcus aureus-positive isolates were confirmed to be MRSA, 50% fresh beef, 28.12% contact surfaces, and 21.87% butcher’s knife swabs. MRSA isolates displayed multidrug-resistant traits, with a high resistance of 90.62% against cloxacillin, and a highest susceptibility of 100% to co-trimaxole. The antibiogram showed MRSA strains to be multidrug resistant. Molecular characterisation of the MRSA detected the presence of the mecA gene at a band size of 163 bp in all isolates. Strict hygiene of butchers, and working equipment in meat processing and marketing should be of top priority.

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Acknowledgements

The authors appreciate the laboratory staff for their technical assistance during this research.

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None to be declared.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria

    Dauda Dauda Ibrahim & Simon Ikechukwu Enem

  2. Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria

    Godwin Egwu

  3. Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine Laboratory, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria

    David Dantong

  4. Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

    Kelvin Olutimilehin Jolayemi

  5. Department of Public Health, Ministry of Animal Health, Husbandry and Fisheries, Kebbi, Nigeria

    Mohammed Sani Gaddafi

Authors
  1. Dauda Dauda Ibrahim
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  2. Simon Ikechukwu Enem
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  3. Godwin Egwu
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  4. David Dantong
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  5. Kelvin Olutimilehin Jolayemi
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  6. Mohammed Sani Gaddafi
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Contributions

Dauda Dauda Ibrahim: Conceptualization, Project administration, Investigation, Validation, Writing – original draft. Simon Ikechukwu Enem: Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – review & editing. Godwin Egwu: Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – review & editing. David Dantong: Investigation, Formal Analysis. Kelvin Olutimilehin Jolayemi: Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization. Mohammed Sani Gaddafi: Investigation.

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Correspondence to Dauda Dauda Ibrahim.

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Ibrahim, D.D., Enem, S.I., Egwu, G. et al. An emerging zoonosis: molecular detection of multidrug-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus from butchers’ knives, livestock products and contact surfaces. Vet Res Commun 48, 1697–1705 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-024-10346-8

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