Abstract
This study addresses the limited understanding of chromium-microbial mat interactions in estuarine tidal flats. The aims were to evaluate (1) the efficiency of the microbial consortium in Cr(III) removal from seawater; (2) the elemental and mineralogical composition of the microbial mat as a natural system in the Cr removal, (3) the effects of metal on microphytobenthos, and (4) possible interactions of Cr with other metals present in the consortium. Microbial mats were exposed to Cr(III) solutions at different concentrations (2–30 mg Cr/L). Analysis such as metal concentration, organic matter content, chlorophyll a and phaeopigment concentrations, abundance of diatoms and cyanobacteria, SEM-EDS, and XRD were performed. Most of the Cr(III) was deposited, as chromium oxide/hydroxide, on the surface of all microbial mat components. The complete microbial mat, comprising sediments, detritus, EPS, and diverse microorganism communities, exhibited a remarkable capacity to accumulate Cr(III), retaining over 87% in the solution.
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Abbreviations
- dw:
-
Dry weight
- ww:
-
Wet weight
- wt%:
-
Weight%
- <LOD:
-
Below limit of detection
- EPS:
-
Extracellular polymeric substances
- Eh:
-
Redox potential
- TEL:
-
Minimum effect level
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank Dr. Claudio Ferrarello for the chromium analysis, Cecilia Gutiérrez for the SEM-EDS microscopy analysis, Dr. Martin Amodeo for his statistical advice, and Lic. Irene D’Angelo and Madelaine Razo Seedorf for checking the English language of the manuscript.
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This research was funded by National University of the South (PGI 24/B263) and by National Agency for Scientific and Technological Promotion (ANPCyT) (PICT 2014-3364).
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by NGMP, CF, and SEB. The first draft of the manuscript was written by NGMP and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Pontet, N.G.M., Fernández, C. & Botté, S.E. Novel method of removing metals from estuarine water using whole microbial mats. Biometals (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10534-023-00578-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10534-023-00578-7