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A NOTE CONCERNING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN “BUTCHER DING” AND “NOURISHING LIFE” IN THE TRADITIONAL ZHUANGZI COMMENTARIES
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 January 2024
Abstract
The present discussion aims to help corroborate recent claims that the link between nourishing life 養生 and the Butcher Ding 庖丁 vignette from chapter 3 of the Zhuangzi 莊子 (c. fourth to third century bce) might be taken seriously, while at the same time falsifying recent claims that it is nonetheless uncommon for the connection to be taken seriously. This is achieved by supplying several pieces of textual evidence from leading figures from throughout the history of Zhuangzi studies who all explicitly make the connection and take it seriously. Beyond corroborating one claim and falsifying the other, the present discussion provides renderings of much hitherto untranslated work so as to prevent future scholars from underestimating just how common it is to take the link between the Butcher Ding story and nourishing life seriously.
提要
本文旨在證實近期的觀點：《莊子》第三章中的庖丁解牛故事與養生之道之間存在著重要關聯，這一點應受到認真對待。同時，本文也反駁了認為這種關聯不常被嚴肅對待的觀點。本文透過提供一系列來自莊子研究歷史上的主要學者的文本證據來支持這一論點，這些證據均明確顯示了他們對此關聯的重視。不僅如此，本文也將呈現許多至今未被翻譯的相關作品，目的是防止未來學者低估庖丁解牛故事與養生之道之間關聯的重要性與普遍性。
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- Research Article
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- Copyright
- Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Society for the Study of Early China
References
1 Perkins, Franklin, “Skill and Nourishing Life,” in Skill and Mastery: Philosophical Stories from the Zhuangzi, ed. Lai, Karyn and Chiu, Wai Wai (Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield, 2019), 15Google Scholar.
2 Perkins, “Skill and Nourishing Life,” 16.
3 Fang Yong 方勇, Zhuangzi zuanyao 莊子纂要 (Beijing: Academic, 2009), 429. Translations throughout are the author’s own. See Harbsmeier, Christoph, “Review of Zhuangzi: A New Translation of the Sayings of Master Zhuang as Interpreted by Guo Xiang,” Journal of Chinese Studies no. 76 (2023), 238Google Scholar.
4 Guo Qingfan 郭慶藩, Zhuangzi jishi 莊子集釋, 3 vols. (Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 2012), 124.
5 Fang Yong, Zhuangzi zuanyao, 427.
6 This apparent non-sequitur is common in the literature.
7 Fang Yong, Zhuangzi zuanyao, 427.
8 Fang Yong, Zhuangzi zuanyao, 430.
9 Fang Yong, Zhuangzi zuanyao, 430.
10 This apparent non-sequitur is common in the literature.
11 Fang Yong, Zhuangzi zuanyao, 433; see Lin Xiyi 林希逸, Zhuangzi Yanzhai kouyi jiaozhu 莊子鬳齋口義校注 (Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 1987), 49–52.
12 Fang Yong, Zhuangzi zuanyao, 433.
13 Fang Yong, Zhuangzi zuanyao, 433.
14 Lin Yunming 林雲銘, Zhuangzi yin 莊子因 (Shanghai: East China Normal University Press, 2011), 33.
15 Fang Yong, Zhuangzi zuanyao, 435.
16 Liu Fengbao 劉鳳苞, Nanhua xuexin bian 南華雪心編, 2 vols. (Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 2013), 73.
17 Liu Fengbao, Nanhua xuexin bian, 68.
18 Wang Xianqian 王先謙, Zhuangzi jijie 莊子集解 (Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 1999), 30. See Harbsmeier, Christoph and Williams, John R., The Inner Chapters of the Zhuangzi: With Copious Annotations from the Chinese Commentaries (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, forthcoming), 101n34Google Scholar.
19 I include Guan Feng and Fang Yong, as their readings of the Zhuangzi are informed by the reception history, so it is significant they see it this way.
20 Guan Feng 關鋒, Zhuangzi Neipian yijie he pipan 莊子內篇譯解和批判 (Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 1961), 156–57.
21 Fang Yong 方勇, Zhuangzi jiangdu 莊子講讀 (Shanghai: East China Normal University Press, 2020), 64. See Harbsmeier and Williams, The Inner Chapters of the Zhuangzi, 96n1.
22 Reading 善藏 as a contraction of 善刀而藏之.
23 Fang Yizhi 方以智, Yaodi pao Zhuang 藥地炮莊 (Beijing: Huaxia Publishing House, 2011), 153.
24 Sasaki, Ruth Fuller, trans., The Record of Linji (Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, 2009), 302Google Scholar.
25 Leading specialists from Taiwan maintain Fang Yizhi has a “Gong’an (J: Koan) of Chan (J: Zen) Master Zhixian” (智賢禪師之公案) in mind that involves “cooking a white ox” (烹卻白牛); Fang Yizhi 方以智, Yaodi pao Zhuang jiaozhu 藥地炮莊校注, collated and annotated by Tsai Chen-feng 蔡振豐, Wei Chian-jiun 魏千鈞, and Lee Chung-ta 李忠達 (Taipei: National Taiwan University Press, 2017), 354n40.
26 See Fang Yizhi, Yaodi pao Zhuang jiaozhu, 354n40.
27 The Doctrine of the Mean reads 率性之謂道 for 率性之道; see Wang Wenjin 王文錦, trans., Daxue Zhongyong yizhu 大學中庸譯註 (Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 2013), 19.
28 The Doctrine of the Mean reads 發而皆中節 for 發皆中節; see Wang Wenjin, Daxue Zhongyong yizhu, 19.
29 Fang Yizhi 方以智, Yaodi pao Zhuang 藥地炮莊 (Beijing: Huaxia Publishing House, 2011), 152–53.
30 Wang Wenjin, trans., Daxue Zhongyong yizhu 大學中庸譯註, 19.