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On the factors controlling the incorporation of aluminium within titanites: a case study from medium pressure calc-silicate granulites in parts of the East Indian shield

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Abstract

High-aluminous, fluoro-titanites (~ 6.8–11.5 wt% Al2O3, up to ~ 3.8 wt% F) from a suite of calc-silicate granulites in the Chotanagpur Granite Gneiss Complex, East Indian shield, were examined to investigate the controls on Al incorporation in titanite. The studied high aluminous titanites have the third highest Al content (XAl= up to ~ 0.46), reported from low to medium-pressure rocks till date. These titanites develop in three different associations (association 1, 2 and 3) along with the F-bearing hydrous minerals like amphibole or vesuvianite. These three associations occur as veins and patches close to the pegmatitic veins that intruded the granulite facies calc-silicate rocks. The titanite in the host calc-silicate rock (association 4), away from the pegmatite veins, preserves an anhydrous assemblage: garnet-clinopyroxene-plagioclase and low Al titanite (Al2O3 = 3.4–3.8 wt%, F ~ 0.8 wt%). Integrating field features, petrography and textural modeling, it is suggested that infiltration of F-bearing aqueous fluid, presumably derived from the pegmatites, into the host calc-silicate rock was responsible for the partial destabilization of the anhydrous assemblage 4, and formation of the Al-F rich titanite bearing assemblages 1–3. The published information and close proximity of the association 1–4 outcrops suggest that the infiltration-driven growth of Al-F-rich titanite occurred virtually under isothermal-isobaric conditions (5.5–6.5 kbar and 650–750 °C). The titanite in associations 1–3 show a positive correlation between Al2O3/TiO2 and F/OH indicating the substitution Ti+ 4 +O2− = Al+ 3+ (F + OH)−. Based on the findings of the present study, combined with the published information on titanite chemistry, it is argued that the fF2 present in the system plays a dominant role, if not the most important, in regulating the extent of Al substitution in titanites, in addition to pressure, temperature or coexisting mineral assemblage.

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Acknowledgements

S.R.C. acknowledges the financial support of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi (09/096(0985)/2019-EMR-I). A.D. acknowledges the financial assistance from IoE Faculty Research Program grant, Delhi University (Ref. No./ IoE/2021/12/FRP). SM acknowledges financial support from the Department of Science and Technology (DST), ‘Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research’ (INSPIRE) Programme (Faculty Registration No.: IFA19-EAS80). P.S., S.K. and S.S. acknowledge the grants received from the programs DST-FIST (Department of Science and Technology - Fund for Improvement of S&T Infrastructure), Centre of Advance Study (Phase VI) and Rashtriya Uchchattar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA 2.0), Department of Geological Sciences, Jadavpur University. We express our sincere gratitude to Dr. Robert Holder and an anonymous reviewer for their detailed and constructive suggestions, that improved the quality of the manuscript. We thank Prof. Andreas Möeller for his competent editorial handling. We also thank Dr. Maarten A.T.M. Broekmans, Editor-in-Chief for his suggestions.

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  1. Department of Geological Sciences, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India

    Sirina Roy Choudhury, Sanjoy Sanyal, Subrata Karmakar & Pulak Sengupta

  2. Department of Geology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India

    Anindita Dey & Subham Mukherjee

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Roy Choudhury, S., Dey, A., Mukherjee, S. et al. On the factors controlling the incorporation of aluminium within titanites: a case study from medium pressure calc-silicate granulites in parts of the East Indian shield. Miner Petrol 117, 729–744 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00710-023-00826-1

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