Joule
Volume 7, Issue 5, 17 May 2023, Pages 837-842
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Commentary
Battery passports for promoting electric vehicle resale and repurposing

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Andrew Weng is a PhD candidate in the Mechanical Engineering Department at the University of Michigan under the supervision of Dr. Anna Stefanopoulou. His research focuses on leveraging battery manufacturing data to model and predict the long-term performance and safety of lithium-ion battery systems.

Eric J. Dufek, PhD, is the department manager for the Energy Storage and Electric Transportation Department at Idaho National Laboratory. His research interests span from understanding battery material degradation to electric vehicle infrastructure. Recently he has focused on the use of advanced analysis techniques, including machine learning, to significantly reduce the time needed to make life and failure mode predictions and classifications. By applying these advanced techniques, he hopes to reduce the time needed to transition to high-energy and fast-charge battery technologies from the benchtop to consumer adoption.

Anna Stefanopoulou is the William Clay Ford Professor of Technology at the University of Michigan. She is a fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). She has co-authored a book, 22 US patents, and more than 400 publications, eight of which have received awards, on estimation and control of engines, fuel cells, and batteries. She has developed a course in battery controls and is passionate about battery engineering education.

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Main text

Starting in 2026, most batteries sold in the European Union (EU) will require a battery passport. This initiative is part of a broader legislative framework, led by the European Commission, to improve sustainable battery materials sourcing practices and enable a circular economy. All batteries having a capacity of greater than 2 kilowatt hours (kWhs) will be covered under the legislation, effectively encompassing all electric vehicle (EV) batteries and stationary grid storage batteries.1,2

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Science Foundation, grant number 1762247.

Declaration of interests

A.W. has an affiliation with Tesla that is unrelated to this research. A.S. is an advisory board member for Joule. This research reflects work performed at the University of Michigan. All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not represent those of their affiliated organizations.

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