ReviewInterventions for ADHD in childhood and adolescence: A systematic umbrella review and meta-meta-analysis
Section snippets
Method
Our protocol was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) and assigned registration number CRD42015025062. Derivation from protocol can be found in supplemental material. To take the highest quality approach we followed the Cochrane Handbook guidelines (Version 6.2) for conducting “Overview of Reviews” (Higgins et al., 2021; Pollock et al., 2020) and the PRISMA-Statement (Moher, Liberati, Tetzlaff, Altman, & PRISMA Group, 2009) in reporting our
Results of the search
Our final literature search identified 453 relevant articles. After the screening process, 16 meta-analyses ultimately met our inclusion criteria and were included in qualitative and narrative synthesis (Fig. 1). A list of excluded articles and reasons for their exclusion can be requested from the authors. One of the included 16 meta-analyses provided effect sizes for more than one intervention (Klassen, Miller, Raina, Lee, & Olsen, 1999).
In the following, each intervention's screening and
Summary of results
This umbrella review entailing meta-meta-analysis provides an overview of the latest meta-analytical evidence on the effectiveness of pharmacological and psychological interventions for treating ADHD in children and adolescents. As no previous research has examined the literature in this way, no systematic review summarizing meta-analyses of interventions for children and adolescents with ADHD was available before the present study. To ensure a high scientific standard, we followed the latest
Conclusion
This paper reveals meta-meta-analytical knowledge on the efficacy of pharmacological and psychological interventions and their combination for children with ADHD. Our overview advances the field of ADHD intervention research by identifying evidence gaps, thereby contributing to standardization and providing recommendations for future ADHD treatment studies and meta-analyses. Pharmacological and psychological treatment options seem to be effective in treating ADHD according to parental and
Author contributions
Selina Türk: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Validation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing. Ann-Kathrin Korfmacher: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Validation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing. Heike Gerger: Supervision, Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing - review & editing. Saskia van der Oord:
Funding
The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
Declaration of Competing Interest
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
Acknowledgment
We would like to thank Dr. Thomas Munder (University of Zurich, UZH) for his suggestion of Heike Gerger as statistical expert.
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