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A Luminescent Cu(II)-MOF with Lewis Basic Schiff Base Sites for the Highly Selective and Sensitive Detection of Fe3+ Ions and Nitrobenzene

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Abstract

A Schiff base functionalized Cu(II)-based metal–organic framework (MOF) denoted as Cu-L, was developed via a solvothermal method using low-cost starting material, i.e., Schiff base linker, 4,4'-(hydrazine-1,2-diylidenedimethylylidene)dibenzoic acid (L). Good crystallinity and thermal stability of synthesized Cu-L was confirmed by the crystallographic and thermogravimetric studies. An excellent photoluminescent properties of Cu-L ensure their suitability for the ultrafast detection of Fe3+ ions and nitrobenzene via a turn-off quenching response. The remarkable sensitivity of Cu-L towards Fe3+ ions and nitrobenzene was certified by the low limit of detection (LOD) of 47 ppb and 0.004 ppm, respectively. With incorporated free azine groups, this MOF could selectively capture Fe3+ ions and nitrobenzene in aqueous solution. The plausible mechanistic pathway for the quenching in the fluorescence intensity of the Cu-L in the presence of Fe3+ ions and nitrobenzene have been explained in detail through the density functional theory calculations, photo-induced electron transfer (PET), fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), and competitive energy adsorption. This present study open a new avenue to synthesize novel crystalline MOF-based sensing materials from cheap Schiff base linkers for fast sensing of toxic pollutants.

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Acknowledgements

The authors (MK, MY, and AKM) thank the Chemistry Department, Punjabi University, Patiala, for providing the laboratory and instrument facilities. Manpreet Kaur is also grateful for the UGC-SRF fellowship, UGC, New Delhi, India, Ashok Kumar Malik is thankful to the BSR, UGC-New Delhi for the Mid career award.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala-147002, Punjab, India

    Manpreet Kaur, Mohamad Yusuf & Ashok Kumar Malik

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  1. Manpreet Kaur
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  2. Mohamad Yusuf
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  3. Ashok Kumar Malik
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Manpreet Kaur, Mohamad Yusuf and, Ashok Kumar Malik.The first draft of the manuscript was written by Manpreet Kaur. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ashok Kumar Malik.

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Highlights

• A Schiff base decorated Cu-L MOF sensor was synthesized.

• Cu-L detected Fe3+ ions and nitrobenzene via turn-off quenching response.

• Quenching response was explained theoretically and experimentally.

• LOD of Cu-L MOF for Fe3+ and nitrobenzene sensing was 47 ppb and 0.004 ppm, respectively.

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Kaur, M., Yusuf, M. & Malik, A.K. A Luminescent Cu(II)-MOF with Lewis Basic Schiff Base Sites for the Highly Selective and Sensitive Detection of Fe3+ Ions and Nitrobenzene. J Fluoresc 33, 339–357 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-022-03053-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-022-03053-7

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