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Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor: A Novel Dynamically Regulated Therapeutic Modulator in Neurological Disorders

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Abstract

The growth factor brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and its receptor tropomyosin-related kinase receptor type B (TrkB) play an active role in numerous areas of the adult brain, where they regulate the neuronal activity, function, and survival. Upregulation and downregulation of BDNF expression are critical for the physiology of neuronal circuits and functioning in the brain. Loss of BDNF function has been reported in the brains of patients with neurodegenerative or psychiatric disorders. This article reviews the BDNF gene structure, transport, secretion, expression and functions in the brain. This article also implicates BDNF in several brain-related disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, epilepsy and bipolar disorder.

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Abbreviations

BDNF:

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor.

7,8-DHF:

7,8-dihydroxyflavone.

AD:

Alzheimer’s disease.

ALS:

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Aβ:

β-amyloid.

BD:

Bipolar disorder.

cAMP:

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate.

CaRF:

Ca2+ responsive transcription factor.

DAG:

Diacylglycerol.

HD:

Huntington disease.

IP3:

inositol 1,4,5 triphosphate.

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase.

MDD:

Major Depressive Disorder.

NFT:

Neuro-fibrillary tangles.

NT:

Neurotrophin.

PD:

Parkinson disease.

PI3-K:

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.

PKC:

Protein kinase-C.

PL-C:

phospholipase C.

RJ:

Royal jelly.

SCZ:

Schizophrenia.

SFN:

Sulforaphane.

SNP:

Single nucleotide polymorphism.

TrkB:

Tropomyosinrelated kinase receptor-B.

Vps10p:

Vacuolar protein sorting ten protein.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Patiala, Punjab, India for providing the necessary facilities to carry out the research work.

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  1. Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, 140401, Rajpura, Punjab, India

    Veerta Sharma, Thakur Gurjeet Singh, Amarjot Kaur, Ashi Mannan & Sonia Dhiman

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Conceptualization: Thakur Gurjeet Singh. Analyzed the data: Veerta Sharma, Thakur Gurjeet Singh, Amarjot Kaur Wrote the manuscript: Veerta Sharma. Visualization: Amarjot kaur, Ashi Mannan Editing of the Manuscript: Thakur Gurjeet Singh Critically reviewed the article: Sonia Dhiman, Thakur Gurjeet Singh. Supervision: Thakur Gurjeet Singh. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Sharma, V., Singh, T.G., Kaur, A. et al. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor: A Novel Dynamically Regulated Therapeutic Modulator in Neurological Disorders. Neurochem Res 48, 317–339 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-022-03755-1

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