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Naturalistic Parrots, Stylized Birds of Prey: Visual Symbolism of the Human–Animal Relationship in Pre-Hispanic Ceramic Art of the Paraná River Lowlands, South America

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 October 2022

Flavia V. Ottalagano Open the ORCID record for Flavia V. Ottalagano [Opens in a new window]
Flavia V. Ottalagano*
Affiliation:
National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET) School of Anthropology National University of Rosario, Argentina Entre Ríos 758 Rosario (2000) Argentina E-mail: flaviaott7@gmail.com
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Abstract

The pre-Hispanic art of the Lowlands of Paraná comprises very realistic to extremely simplified ceramic figurines made by complex hunter-gatherer groups during the Late Holocene. In particular, the article seeks to discuss the differences found between parrot and raptor figures, which are the most frequent motifs. Alternative styles of representation were involved in the visual symbolism of the two groups of birds with well-differentiated morphological and behavioural attributes. Whereas parrot images were elaborated with greater naturalism in sites mostly located in the middle Paraná, birds of prey exhibit a higher degree of stylization and schematization, especially in the lower Paraná. It is proposed that the differences in the artistic modalities used to represent these groups of birds could be related to the positioning of these animals within different metaphorical domains and opposable conceptual categories. It is also suggested that this iconography could be specifically linked to a totemic ontology, which implies a particular attitude towards nature. This study attempts to contribute to broadening our knowledge about the symbolic relationships between humans and animals in pre-Columbian America.

Type
Research Article
Information
Cambridge Archaeological Journal , Volume 33 , Issue 2 , May 2023 , pp. 193 - 215
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research

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