Issue 21, 2022

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence-emitting small organic molecules for cancer imaging and therapy

Abstract

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorophores have unique features that endow them with several advantages over conventional shorter wavelength emitting dyes. As a result, they have been widely utilized as fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging agents, as well as photodynamic and photothermal therapeutic agents. However, non-targeting NIR fluorescence-emitting organic molecules have the drawback of low selectivity toward tumors, which potentially results in severe side effects caused by damage to normal tissues. Thus, the development of NIR fluorophore-based substances that target tumors is a highly active area in medicinal chemistry research. Research efforts carried out thus far have led to the development of a number of NIR fluorophore-based, tumor imaging and therapeutic agents. The discussion in this review focuses on the results of research reported in the 2012–2021 period, giving particular emphasis to studies of NIR small organic dye-based imaging and therapeutic agents that are designed utilizing cancer-selective strategies.

Graphical abstract: Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence-emitting small organic molecules for cancer imaging and therapy

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
25 Aug 2022
First published
13 Oct 2022

Chem. Soc. Rev., 2022,51, 8957-9008

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence-emitting small organic molecules for cancer imaging and therapy

H. Li, Y. Kim, H. Jung, J. Y. Hyun and I. Shin, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2022, 51, 8957 DOI: 10.1039/D2CS00722C

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