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Hybrid hydrolysis and fermentation optimization of Prosopis juliflora pods for the enhanced biohydrogen production by dark fermentation

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Abstract

The present study evaluated the hybrid enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation of Prosopis juliflora pods (Pj pods) for the enhanced biohydrogen production from the activated anaerobic sludge through the waste to energy approach (WtE). The pretreatment effect of sulfuric acid, citric acid, sodium hydroxide, and ammonia has been studied on the Pj pods to make cellulose more accessible for enzyme hydrolysis. The sulfuric acid pretreatment obtained the maximum glucose, 193.19 mg/g BM. The cellulolytic enzyme cocktail comprising cellulase, 80 IU/g, and xylanase, 234.58 IU/g from the newly isolated Trichoderma harzianum BPGF1, is used to hydrolyze the sulfuric acid-treated Pj pods. After the separate enzymatic hydrolysis, the acid-treated Pj pods produced 342.51 mg/g BM glucose. The hybrid enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation of Pj pods with activated anaerobic sludge was optimized using the central composite design (CCD). The microbial consortium in the anaerobic sludge was identified by next-generation sequencing (NGS) through metagenomic analysis, and the hydrogen was analyzed by gas chromatography. The maximum biohydrogen yield of 1552.25 ± 53.61 mM/L was achieved in the medium containing Pj pods, 13.6% w/v, vitamin solutions, 1.44% v/v, cellulase, 62.74 IU/g BM, and inoculum, 8.67% v/v at an initial pH of 6.49 under anaerobic conditions.

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Data availability

The datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

% v/v:

% Of volume per volume

% w/v:

% Of weight per volume

(NH4)2SO4 :

Ammonium sulfate

1H NMR:

Hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance

ASTM:

American society for testing materials

BLAST:

Basic local alignment search tool

BM:

Biomass

CaCO3 :

Calcium carbonate

CCD:

Central composite design

CHNS:

Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulfur

CP/MAS NMR:

Cross–polarization magic angle spinning NMR

FTIR:

Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy

HHF:

Hybrid hydrolysis and fermentation

H2SO4 :

Sulfuric acid

HPLC:

High-performance liquid chromatography

IU:

International units

KH2PO4:

Potassium di-hydrogen phosphate

KOH:

Potassium hydroxide

LCB:

Lignocellulosic biomass

MgSO4:

Magnesium sulfate

Na2HPO4 :

Sodium hydrogen phosphate

Na2S:

Sodium sulfide

NaCl:

Sodium chloride

NaOH:

Sodium hydroxide

AFEX:

Ammonia fiber expansion

NGS:

Next generation sequencing

OD:

Optical density

Pj pods:

Prosopis>juliflora Pods

RSM:

Response surface methodology

SEM:

Scanning electron microscope

STP:

Sewage treatment plant

CBP:

Consolidated bioprocessing

SSF:

Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation

TCD:

Thermal conductivity detector

TG-DSC:

Thermal gravimetric differential scanning calorimetry

VFA:

Volatile fatty acids

XRD:

X-ray crystallography

XRF:

X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy

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Funding

KBU was financially supported by DST/SERB, India (EEQ/2019/000245).

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  1. Bioprospecting Laboratory, Centre for Bioenergy, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, India

    G. Gayathri & Kiran Babu Uppuluri

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KBU conceived the idea and designed the experiments. GG conducted all the experiments. KBU and GG analyzed the data and wrote and edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Kiran Babu Uppuluri.

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Gayathri, G., Uppuluri, K.B. Hybrid hydrolysis and fermentation optimization of Prosopis juliflora pods for the enhanced biohydrogen production by dark fermentation. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-03278-3

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