Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Designing ROACM routing protocol along with bandwidth allocation using seagull optimization for ad hoc wireless network

  • Published:
Telecommunication Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Ad hoc Wireless Network is trending because of its wide usage in various applications for transmitting information. The major concern faced in this kind of wireless network is energy utilization and data loss during transmission. To achieve reduced energy consumption and packet loss, several routing protocols based on proactive and reactive methods have been designed by various scholars. But still, the existing routing protocol faces a lot of difficulties in fulfilling the basic requirements like energy-efficient and better QoS. To address these issues, this proposed research focuses on designing ROACM protocol for achieving energy-efficient data transmission in Ad hoc Wireless networks. The proposed framework involves three stages. In the initial stage, the discovery of a path between a source node and a destination node is achieved. Following that, in the second stage, path selection is attained through considering certain metrics such as node energy, packet travel time, distance, weight factor and hop count. Then, in the final stage, optimal bandwidth allocation is achieved using a seagull optimization algorithm. Further, the performance of the proposed routing protocol is implemented in the NS2 simulator, and some of the parameters such as throughput, PDR, energy consumption and end-to-end delay are estimated. The energy consumption and PDR value obtained for the proposed routing protocol is 6 J and 98%, respectively.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20
Fig. 21

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Mast, N., Khan, M. A., Uddin, M. I., Ali Shah, S. A., Khan, A., Al-Khasawneh, M. A., & Mahmoud, M. (2021). Channel contention-based routing protocol for wireless ad hoc networks. Complexity, 2021(1), 1–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Zhang, H., & Wei, L. (2021). Topology characteristic analysis of vehicular ad hoc network based on time-varying complex network. AIP Advances, 11(11), 115011.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Ponnusamy, M. (2021). Detection of selfish nodes through reputation model in mobile adhoc network-MANET. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 12(9), 2404–2410.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Sengan, S., Khalaf, O. I., Rao, G. R. K., Sharma, D. K., Amarendra, K., & Hamad, A. A. (2022). Security-aware routing on wireless communication for E-health records monitoring using machine learning. International Journal of Reliable and Quality E-Healthcare (IJRQEH), 11(3), 1–10.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Fatemidokht, H., Rafsanjani, M. K., Gupta, B. B., & Hsu, C. H. (2021). Efficient and secure routing protocol based on artificial intelligence algorithms with UAV-assisted for vehicular ad hoc networks in intelligent transportation systems. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 22(7), 4757–4769.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Ostrowski, B., Pióro, M., & Tomaszewski, A. (2021). Multicast traffic throughput maximization through joint dynamic modulation and coding schemes assignment, and transmission power control in wireless sensor networks. Sensors, 21(10), 3411.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Ma, C., Yu, J., Huang, B., & Meng, Y. (2021). Shortest link scheduling in wireless networks with oblivious power control. China Communications, 18(4), 137–152.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Benmammar, B. (2021). Internet of things and cognitive radio: Motivations and challenges. International Journal of Organizational and Collective Intelligence (IJOCI), 11(1), 39–52. Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems, 18, 112–120.

  9. Hasan, N., Mishra, A., & Ray, A. K. (2022). Fuzzy logic based cross-layer design to improve quality of service in mobile ad-hoc networks for next-gen cyber physical system. Engineering Science and Technology, An International Journal, 35, 101099.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Singh, S., & Saini, H. S. (2022). Intelligent ad-hoc-on demand multipath distance vector for wormhole attack in clustered WSN. Wireless Personal Communications, 122(2), 1305–1327.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Kumar, A., Shree, R., Shukla, A. K., Pandey, R. P., & Shukla, V. (2022). Impact of ad-hoc on-demand distance vector on TCP traffic simulation using network simulator. Materials Today: Proceedings, 51, 95–103.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Muniyandi, C., Ravie, H. M. K., Hammoodi, M. R., & Maroosi, A. (2021). An improved harmony search algorithm for proactive routing protocol in VANET. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2021, 1–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Park, P., Ghadikolaei, H. S., & Fischione, C. (2021). Proactive fault-tolerant wireless mesh networks for mission-critical control systems. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 186, 103082.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Navarro, M., Liang, Y., & Zhong, X. (2022). Energy-efficient and balanced routing in low-power wireless sensor networks for data collection. Ad Hoc Networks, 127, 102766.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Draz, U., Ali, A., Bilal, M., Ali, T., Iftikhar, M. A., Jolfaei, A., & Suh, D. Y. (2021). Energy efficient proactive routing scheme for enabling reliable communication in underwater internet of things. IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering, 8(4), 2934–2945.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Saini, T. K., & Sharma, S. C. (2019). Prominent unicast routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks: Criterion, classification, and key attributes. Ad Hoc Networks, 89, 58–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Rajasoundaran, S., Prabu, A. V., Routray, S., Malla, P. P., Kumar, G. S., & Qi, Y. (2022). Secure routing with multi-watchdog construction using deep particle convolutional model for IoT based 5G wireless sensor networks. Computer Communications, 187(1), 71–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Thiagarajan, R., Babu, M. R., & Moorthi, M. (2021). Quality of service based ad hoc on-demand multipath distance vector routing protocol in mobile ad hoc network. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, 12(5), 4957–4965.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Waqas, A., Mahmood, H., & Saeed, N. (2022). Interference aware cooperative routing for edge computing-enabled 5G networks. IEEE Sensors Journal, 22(4), 3777–3784.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Haglan, H. M., Mostafa, S. A., Safar, N. Z. M., Mustapha, A., Saringatb, M. Z., Alhakami, H., & Alhakami, W. (2021). Analyzing the impact of the number of nodes on the performance of the routing protocols in manet environment. Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, 10(1), 434–440.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Bahattab, & Ali, A. (2016). A comparative analysis of TCP/IP and ROACM protocols—A simulation study. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 9(28), 1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Bahattab, & Ali, A. The implementation of the new protocol for high speed internet routers/switchers-ROACM. ISSN 1013-5316; CODEN: SINTE8.

  23. Chintalapalli, M. R., & Ananthula, V. R. (2018). M-Lion Whale: Multi-objective optimization model for secure routing in mobile ad-hoc network. IET Communications, 12(12), 1406–1415.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Bahattab, A. A. (2010). Routing once and cross-connect many, Patent No. 7,664,108, approved on Feb.16, 2010.

  25. Kitaw, B., Bayu, F., & Birhanu, G. (2020). Efficient-path selection scheme using optimized adhoc on demand multipath routing protocol for adhoc networks. International Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications, 11(04), 4336–4344.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Bahattab, A. A. (2017). Routing once and cross-connect many, Patent No. EP2048835, approved on March, 2017, European Patent Office. Also is approved in Germany and UK patent offices.

  27. He, J., Yang, O., Zhou, Y., & Issa, O. (2017). Multipath routing optimization with interference consideration in wireless ad hoc network. Ad hoc networks (pp. 258–269). Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  28. Dhiman, G., Singh, K. K., Soni, M., Nagar, A., Dehghani, M., Slowik, A., Kaur, A., Sharma, A., Houssein, E. H., & Cengiz, K. (2021). MOSOA: A new multi-objective seagull optimization algorithm. Expert Systems with Applications, 167, 114150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Bhardwaj, A., & El-Ocla, H. (2020). Multipath routing protocol using genetic algorithm in mobile ad hoc networks. IEEE Access, 8, 177534–177548.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Dsouza, M. B., & Manjaiah, D. H. (2021). Improving the QoS of multipath routing in MANET by considering reliable node and stable link. In Sustainable communication networks and application (pp. 535–546). Springer.

  31. Yang, H., & Liu, Z. (2019). An optimization routing protocol for FANETs. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2019(1), 1–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Khudayer, B. H., Anbar, M., Hanshi, S. M., & Wan, T. C. (2020). Efficient route discovery and link failure detection mechanisms for source routing protocol in mobile ad-hoc networks. IEEE Access, 8, 24019–24032.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

There is no funding provided to prepare the manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Telecom and Electronics, Jeddah, 22334, Saudi Arabia

    Abdullah Ali Bahattab

Authors
  1. Abdullah Ali Bahattab
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Abdullah Ali Bahattab.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The process of writing and the content of the article does not give grounds for raising the issue of a conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Informal consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Consent to participate

I have read and I understand the provided information.

Consent to publish

This article does not contain any Image or video to get permission.

Data availability

If all data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the submitted article and no data needs to be specifically requested.

Code availability

No code is available for this manuscript.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Bahattab, A.A. Designing ROACM routing protocol along with bandwidth allocation using seagull optimization for ad hoc wireless network. Telecommun Syst 81, 357–372 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-022-00941-y

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-022-00941-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation