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Bacteriophage Therapy in Implant-Related Orthopedic Infections

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Abstract

Biofilm producers pose a major challenge in treating implant-related orthopedic infections (IROIs). The incidence of IROIs for the closed fracture amounts to 1% to 2% whereas for open fracture it is up to 30%. Due to inappropriate and irrational use of antibiotics in the management of infections, there is an emergence of a global “antimicrobial resistance crisis”. To combat these antimicrobial resistance crises, a few innovative and targeted therapies like nanomedicine, phage therapy, antimicrobial peptides, and sonic therapies have been introduced. In this review, we have detailed the basic mechanisms involved in the employment of bacteriophage therapy for IROIs, along with the preclinical and clinical data on its utility. We also present the guidelines on its regulation, processing, and limitations of bacteriophage therpay to combat the upcoming era of antibiotic resistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    Madhan Jeyaraman

  2. Indian Orthopaedic Rheumatology Association (IORA), Lucknow, India

    Madhan Jeyaraman, Naveen Jeyaraman, Vijay Kumar Konkathi, Arulkumar Nallakumarasamy, Sathish Muthu & Manish Khanna

  3. Department of Orthopaedics, Atlas Hospitals, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India

    Naveen Jeyaraman

  4. Dr. RML National Law University, Lucknow, India

    Naveen Jeyaraman & Vijay Kumar Konkathi

  5. Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Arulkumar Nallakumarasamy

  6. Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India

    Sathish Muthu

  7. Department of Orthopaedics, Autonomous State Medical College, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Manish Khanna

  8. Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Madhan Jeyaraman & Sathish Muthu

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  1. Madhan Jeyaraman
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Correspondence to Sathish Muthu.

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Jeyaraman, M., Jeyaraman, N., Konkathi, V.K. et al. Bacteriophage Therapy in Implant-Related Orthopedic Infections. JOIO 56, 1685–1693 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43465-022-00728-y

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