Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A Review of TiCN Coating Prepared by Reaction Plasma Spraying

  • Review
  • Published:
Journal of Thermal Spray Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

As a new ternary material, the TiCN ceramic has attracted a lot of attention because of its advantages of high hardness, toughness, and wear resistance. Therefore, it has become one of the important materials to replace cemented carbides, such as WC-Co. Compared to bulk TiCN ceramic materials, TiCN ceramic coatings are easier to prepare and have excellent properties. Among the surface technologies used for the preparation of TiCN coatings, reactive plasma spraying can use the in situ reaction of inexpensive raw materials to synthesize TiCN coatings with high efficiency. However, the powder properties, spraying process parameters, and second phase additives significantly affect the performance of the plasma-sprayed ceramic coatings. In this work, the preparation of reactive plasma-sprayed TiCN coatings by different reaction systems, and the effect of parameter optimization and types of additives on the microstructure and properties of the coatings, were critically examined. Based on these studies, the trends and suggestions for future development of reactive plasma sprayed TiCN coatings are presented.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. J. Musil, Hard Nanocomposite Coatings: Thermal Stability, Oxidation Resistance and Toughness, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2012, 207, p 50-65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. S. Gavarini, R. Bes, N. Millard-Pinard, S. Cardinal, C. Peaucelle, A. Perrat-Mabilon, V. Garnier and C. Gaillard, A Comparative Study of TiN and TiC: Oxidation Resistance and Retention of Xenon at High Temperature and Under Degraded Vacuum, J. Appl. Phys., 2011, 109(1), p 014906.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. A. Rajabi, M.J. Ghazali and A.R. Daud, Chemical Composition, Microstructure and Sintering Temperature Modifications on Mechanical Properties of TiC-Based Cermet-A Review, Mater. Des., 2015, 67, p 95-106.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. A. Rajabi, M.J. Ghazali, J. Syarif and A.R. Daud, Development and Application of Tool Wear: A Review of the Characterization of TiC-Based Cermets with Different Binders, Chem. Eng. J., 2014, 255, p 445-452.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. A. Rajabi and M.J. Ghazali, Quantitative Analyses of TiC Nanopowders Via Mechanical Alloying Method, Ceram. Int., 2017, 43(16), p 14233-14243.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. A. Rajabi, P. Hodgson, M.J. Ghazali, Z. Sajuri, A. Almaslow, H.A. Mehrabi and A.H. Baghdadi, Challenges and Solutions in the Synthesis of Nano-TiCN: A Review, Ceram. Int., 2022, 48(7), p 8921-8929.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. J. Kim and S. Kang, Elastic and Thermo-Physical Properties of TiC TiN, and their Intermediate Composition Alloys Using ab Initio Calculations, J. Alloy. Compd., 2012, 528, p 20-27.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. J. He, F. Zhang, P. Mi, Y. Qin, K. Chen, Y. Yang, J. Zhang and F. Yin, Microstructure and Wear Behavior of Nano C-Rich TiCN Coatings Fabricated by Reactive Plasma Spraying with Ti-Graphite Powders, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2016, 305, p 215-222.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. H. Xiao, X. Jie, Z. Zeng and G. Li, Titanium Carbonitride Coating by Pulsed Electrical Discharge in an Aqueous Solution of Ethanolamine, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2014, 258, p 1006-1010.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Y. Yang, N. Guo and J. Li, Synthesizing, Microstructure and Microhardness Distribution of Ti-Si-C-N/TiCN Composite Coating on Ti-6Al-4V by Laser Cladding, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2013, 219, p 1-7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. L. Shan, Y. Wang, J. Li, H. Li, X. Wu and J. Chen, Tribological Behaviours of PVD TiN and TiCN Coatings in Artificial Seawater, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2013, 226, p 40-50.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. I. Dreiling, A. Haug, H. Holzschuh and T. Chassé, Raman Spectroscopy as a Tool to Study Cubic Ti-C-N CVD Coatings, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2009, 204(6-7), p 1008-1012.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. O.J. Akinribide, B.A. Obadele, S.O. Akinwamide, H. Bilal, O.O. Ajibola, O.O. Ayeleru, S.P. Ringer and P.A. Olubambi, Sintering of Binderless TiN and TiCN-Based Cermet for Toughness Applications: Processing Techniques and Mechanical Properties: A Review, Ceram. Int., 2019, 45(17), p 21077-21090.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. J.C. Caicedo, O.A. Zambrano and W. Aperador, Improvement of the Useful Life of the Machining Tool with the Carbonitrides Multilayer System, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 2018, 96(9-12), p 3263-3277.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. P. Li, J. Ye, Y. Liu, D. Yang and H. Yu, Study on the Formation of Core-Rim Structure in Ti(CN)-Based Cermets, Int. J. Refract Metal Hard Mater., 2012, 35, p 27-31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. N. Saoula, N. Madaoui, R. Tadjine, R.M. Erasmus, S. Shrivastava and J.D. Comins, Influence of Substrate Bias on the Structure and Properties of TiCN Films Deposited by Radio-Frequency Magnetron Sputtering, Thin Solid Films, 2016, 616, p 521-529.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. R.A. Antunes, A.C.D. Rodas, N.B. Lima, O.Z. Higa and I. Costa, Study of the Corrosion Resistance and in Vitro Biocompatibility of PVD TiCN-Coated AISI 316 L Austenitic Stainless Steel for Orthopedic Applications, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2010, 205(7), p 2074-2081.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. J.F. Correa, J.C. Caicedo and W.A. Aperador, Comparison of Structural and Electrochemical Properties among TiCN, BCN, and CrAlN Coatings under Aggressive Environments, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2021, 30(5), p 3586-3602.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. J. Liu, C. Ma, G. Tu and Y. Long, Cutting Performance and Wear Mechanism of Sialon Ceramic Cutting Inserts with TiCN Coating, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2016, 307, p 146-150.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. L. Zhang, J.J. Hao, J.H. Ren, J.C. Li and Y.J. Ma, Effect of Cladding Current on the Properties of Ti (CN) Ceramic Coating, Appl. Mech. Mater., 2013, 341-342, p 79-82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. S. Das, S. Guha, P.P. Das and R.K. Ghadai, Analysis of Morphological, Microstructural, Electrochemical and Nano Mechanical Characteristics of TiCN Coatings Prepared under N2 Gas Flow Rate by Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) Process at Higher Temperature, Ceram. Int., 2020, 46(8), p 10292-10298.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. A.M. Nair, G. Muvvala and A.K. Nath, A Study on in situ Synthesis of TiCN Metal Matrix Composite Coating on Ti-6Al-4V by Laser Surface Alloying Process, J. Alloys Compd., 2019, 810, p 151901.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. P. Mi, J. He, Y. Qin and K. Chen, Nanostructure Reactive Plasma Sprayed TiCN Coating, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2017, 309, p 1-5.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Y. Qin, Q. Jiao, G. Zheng, F. Zhang, J. He and F. Yin, Effects of Spray Distance on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Reactive Plasma Sprayed TiCN Coatings, Ceram. Int., 2018, 44(14), p 17230-17239.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. K.-T. Rie and J. Wöhle, Plasma-CVD of TiCN and ZrCN Films on Light Metals, Surf. Coat. Technol., 1999, 112(1-3), p 226-229.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. R.A. Roşu, V.-A. Şerban, A.I. Bucur and U. Dragoş, Deposition of Titanium Nitride and Hydroxyapatite-Based Biocompatible Composite by Reactive Plasma Spraying, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2012, 258(8), p 3871-3876.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. H. Zhang, J. Yan, X. Zhang and S. Tang, Properties of Titanium Carbonitride Matrix Cermets, Int. J. Refract Metal Hard Mater., 2006, 24(3), p 236-239.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. K.T. Pasupuleti, S. Ghosh, U.M. Dunna, P. Ramaswamy and S.N. Murty, Influence of Atmospheric Plasma Spray Process Parameters on Crystal and Micro Structures of Pyrochlore Phase in Rare Earth Zirconate Thermal Barrier Coatings, Mater. Today Proc., 2019, 19, p 731-736.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. A. Rico, A. Salazar, M.E. Escobar, J. Rodriguez and P. Poza, Optimization of Atmospheric Low-Power Plasma Spraying Process Parameters of Al2O3-50w%Cr2O3 Coatings, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2018, 354, p 281-296.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Z. Zhang, S.H. Lim, J. Chai, D.M.Y. Lai, A.K.H. Cheong, K.L. Cheong, S.J. Wang, H. Jin and J.S. Pan, Plasma Spray of Ti 2 AlC MAX Phase Powders: Effects of Process Parameters on Coatings’ Properties, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2017, 325, p 429-436.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Y. Qin, J. He, F. Yin, B. Liu and F. Zhang, Effect of Ti particle size on mechanical and tribological properties of TiCN coatings prepared by reactive plasma spraying, Ceram. Int., 2017, 43(18), p 16548-16554.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Y. Qin, H. Zhao, C. Li, J. Lu and J. He, Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Corrosion Behaviors of Reactive Plasma Sprayed TiCN Coatings, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2020, 398, p 126086.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. L. Xiao, D. Yan, J. He, L. Zhu, Y. Dong, J. Zhang and X. Li, Nanostructured TiN Coating Prepared by Reactive Plasma Spraying in Atmosphere, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2007, 253(18), p 7535-7539.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. C. Li, F. Zhang, J. He and F. Yin, Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Reactive Plasma Sprayed Ti3SiC2-Ti5Si3-TiC Composite Coatings, Mater. Chem. Phys., 2020, 254, p 123495.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. C. Li, F. Zhang, J. He and F. Yin, Preparation and Properties of Reactive Plasma Sprayed TiC-Ti5Si3-Ti3SiC2/Al Coatings from Ti-Si-C-Al Mixed Powders, Mater. Chem. Phys., 2021, 269, p 124772.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Q. Jiao, F. Guo, C. Li, G. Zheng, J. He, H. Zhao, Y. Qin and F. Yin, Effects of Mo Addition on Tribological Performance of Plasma-Sprayed Ti-Si-C Coatings, Ceram. Int., 2020, 46(9), p 12948-12954.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. G.M.T. Basha, A. Srikanth and B. Venkateshwarlu, A Critical Review on Nano structured Coatings for Alumina-Titania (Al2O3-TiO2) Deposited by Air Plasma Spraying Process (APS), Mater. Today Proc., 2020, 22, p 1554-1562.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Z. Yin, S. Tao, X. Zhou and C. Ding, Tribological Properties of Plasma Sprayed Al/Al2O3 Composite Coatings, Wear, 2007, 263(7-12), p 1430-1437.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Z. Yin, S. Tao, X. Zhou and C. Ding, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al2O3-Al Composite Coatings Deposited by Plasma Spraying, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2008, 254(6), p 1636-1643.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. H. Zhao, L. Hu, C. Li, Q. Jiao, J. He, Y. Qin and F. Yin, Influence of Metallic Cr Addition on the Phase Structure and Mechanical Properties of Plasma-Sprayed Ti-Si-C Coatings, Ceram. Int., 2021, 47(12), p 17570-17579.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. J. He, Z. Nan, P. Mi, K. Chen and Y. Qin, In situ Nanostructured (TiCr)CN Coating by Reactive Plasma Spraying, Ceram. Int., 2018, 44(1), p 712-717.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. H. Zhao, F. Guo, L. Zhu, J. He and F. Yin, The Effect of Cu Addition on the Crystallization Behavior and Tribological Properties of Reactive Plasma Sprayed TiCN-Cu Coatings, Ceram. Int., 2020, 46(6), p 8344-8351.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. F. Zhang, C. Li, S. Yan, J. He, B. Liu and F. Yin, Microstructure and Tribological Properties of Plasma Sprayed TiCN-Mo Based Composite Coatings, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2019, 464, p 88-98.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Z. Zhou, S. Li, J. He, H. Zhao, Y. Qin and F. Yin, Improved Cohesion Strength of Plasma-Sprayed TiCN Coating by Adding Ni and Post Annealing, Ceram. Int., 2022, 48(6), p 8081-8087.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Y.F. Qin, L.Y. Zhu, J.N. He, F.X. Yin, Z.S. Nan and L.J. Zhao, Microstructure and Tribological Properties of TiCN-Al 2 O 3 Composite Coatings Fabricated by Reactive Plasma Spraying, Vacuum, 2018, 147, p 149-157.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. L. Zhu, J. He, D. Yan, L. Xiao, Y. Dong, J. Zhang and H. Liao, Synthesis and Microstructure Observation of Titanium Carbonitride Nanostructured Coatings using Reactive Plasma Spraying in Atmosphere, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2011, 257(20), p 8722-8727.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. L. Zhu, J. He, D. Yan, L. Xiao, Y. Dong, D. Xue and D. Meng, Titanium Carbonitride Thick Coating Prepared by Plasma Spray Synthesis and its Tribological Properties, Chin. Sci. Bull., 2007, 52(13), p 1849-1855.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. L. Zhu, J. He, D. Yan, Y. Dong and L. Xiao, Titanium Carbonitride Coatings Prepared by Reactive Plasma Spraying ti Powders, Surf. Rev. Lett., 2007, 14(02), p 171-177.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. J. Li, S. Zhang and M. Li, Influence of the C2H2 Flow Rate on Gradient TiCN Films Deposited by Multi-Arc Ion Plating, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2013, 283, p 134-144.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Y.H. Cheng, T. Browne and B. Heckerman, Influence of CH4 Fraction on the Composition, Structure, and Internal Stress of the TiCN Coatings Deposited by LAFAD Technique, Vacuum, 2010, 85(1), p 89-94.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Y.H. Cheng, T. Browne, B. Heckerman and E.I. Meletis, Influence of the C Content on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of the TiCN Coatings Deposited by LAFAD Technique, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2011, 205(16), p 4024-4029.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. E. Lugscheider, O. Knotek, C. Barimani, S. Guerreiro and H. Zimmermann, Cr-CN Coatings Deposited with Different Reactive Carbon Carrier Gases in the Arc PVD Process, Surf. Coat. Technol., 1997, 94, p 416-421.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. F.s. Xin yu, A Study of the Influence of CH2/N2Flow Ratio on the Growth of Ti(C,N) Films, Vacuum science and technology(china), 17(5), (1996)

  54. M. Shahien, M. Yamada, T. Yasui and M. Fukumoto, N2 and H2 Plasma Gasses’ Effects in Reactive Plasma Spraying of Al2O3 Powder, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2013, 216, p 308-317.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. L. Zhu, J. He, D. Yan, H. Liao and N. Zhang, Oxidation Behavior of Titanium Carbonitride Coating Deposited by Atmospheric Plasma Spray Synthesis, J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2017, 26(7), p 1701-1707.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. L. Yingjiao, C. Yinchang and L. Xiaoxia, Handbook of Inorganic Thermodynamic Data, Northest Normal University Press, Changchun, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  57. C.L. Yeh and Y.D. Chen, Direct Formation of Titanium Carbonitrides by SHS in Nitrogen, Ceram. Int., 2005, 31(5), p 719-729.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. P. Mi, J. He, H. Zhao, Z. Ni and F. Ye, Effect of Graphite Addition on Structure and Properties of Ti (CN) Coatings Deposited by Reactive Plasma Spraying, J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2016, 25(8), p 1588-1595.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. S.K. Hazra, S.R. Tripathy, I. Alessandri, L.E. Depero and S. Basu, Characterizations of Porous Titania Thin Films Produced by Electrochemical Etching, Mater. Sci. Eng. B, 2006, 131(1-3), p 135-141.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. N.H.N. Yusoff, M.J. Ghazali, M.C. Isa, A.R. Daud and A. Muchtar, Effects of Powder Size and Metallic Bonding Layer on Corrosion Behaviour of Plasma-Sprayed Al2O3-1% TiO2 Coated Mild Steel in Fresh Tropical Seawater, Ceram. Int., 2013, 39(3), p 2527-2533.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. F. Guo, Y. Bi, C. Li, L. Zhu, J. He, Y. Dong, Y. Yang, H. Zhao, Y. Qin and F. Yin, The Crystallization Behaviours of Reactive-Plasma-Sprayed TiCN Coatings with Different Ti/Graphite Powder Ratios, Ceram. Int., 2020, 46(15), p 23510-23515.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Z.-D. Liu, J. Tian, B. Li and L.-P. Zhao, Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviors of in situ TiC Particulates Reinforced Ni Matrix Composites, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2010, 527(16-17), p 3898-3903.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. J. He, G. Zheng, F. Guo, G. Fu, C. Li, H. Zhao, Y. Qin, Y. Jiang and F. Yin, Microstructure and Tribological Properties of in situ Synthesized TiC Reinforced Reactive Plasma Sprayed Co-Based Coatings, Mater. Chem. Phys., 2020, 248, p 122913.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. M. Lv, G. Zhang and H. Geng, Effect of Spraying Power on the Microstructure and Thermoelectric Performance of Plasma Sprayed Higher Manganese Silicides Films, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2019, 363, p 152-160.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Y. Wang, Y. Han, C. Lin, W. Zheng, C. Jiang, A. Wei, Y. Liu, Y. Zeng and Y. Shi, Effect of Spraying Power on the Morphology of YSZ Splat and Micro-Structure of Thermal Barrier Coating, Ceram. Int., 2021, 47(13), p 18956-18963.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. H. Wu, H.-J. Li, Q. Lei, Q.-G. Fu, C. Ma, D.-J. Yao, Y.-J. Wang, C. Sun, J.-F. Wei and Z.-H. Han, Effect of Spraying Power on Microstructure and Bonding Strength of MoSi2-Based Coatings Prepared by Supersonic Plasma spraying, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2011, 257(13), p 5566-5570.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. E.P. Song, J. Ahn, S. Lee and N.J. Kim, Effects of Critical Plasma Spray Parameter and Spray Distance on Wear Resistance Al2O3-8 wt%TiO2 of Coatings Plasma-Sprayed with nanopowders, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2008, 202(15), p 3625-3632.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. T. Mojisola, M.M. Ramakokovhu, J. Raethel, P.A. Olubambi and W.R. Matizamhuka, In-situ Synthesis and Characterization of Fe-TiC Based Cermet Produced from Enhanced Carbothermally Reduced ilmenite, Int. J. Refract Metal Hard Mater., 2019, 78, p 92-99.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. T. Mojisola, M.M. Ramakokovhu, J. Raethel, P.A. Olubambi and W.R. Matizamhuka, In-situ Processing and Characterization of Fe-TiCN Composite Produced Via Enhanced Carbonitrothermic Reduction of Low Grade Ilmenite Concentrate, Mater. Today Commun., 2019, 20, p 100606.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. R.A. Abbas, S.A. Ajeel, M.A.A. Bash and M.J. Kadhim, Effect of Plasma Spray Distance on the Features and Hardness Reliability of YSZ Thermal Barrier Coating, Mater. Today Proc., 2021, 42, p 2553-2560.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. R. Sobhanverdi and A. Akbari, Porosity and Microstructural Features of Plasma Sprayed Yttria Stabilized Zirconia Thermal Barrier Coatings, Ceram. Int., 2015, 41(10), p 14517-14528.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. A.H. Pakseresht, A.H. Javadi, M. Nejati, K. Shirvanimoghaddam, E. Ghasali and R. Teimouri, Statistical Analysis and Multiobjective Optimization of Process Parameters in Plasma Spraying of Partially Stabilized Zirconia, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 2014, 75(5-8), p 739-753.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  73. A.H. Pakseresht, A.H. Javadi, M. Nejati, K. Shirvanimoghaddam, E. Ghasali and R. Teimouri, Statistical Analysis and Multiobjective Optimization of Process Parameters in Plasma Spraying of Partially Stabilized Zirconia, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 2014, 75(5), p 739-753.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  74. R. Li, X. Zhao, Z. Bu, Y. An, H. Zhou, W. Duan and J. Chen, Influence of Different Introduction Modes of Metal Ag into Plasma Sprayed Al2O3 Coating on Tribological Properties, Ceram. Int., 2022, 48(7), p 9286-9296.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Y. Peng, H. Miao and Z. Peng, Development of TiCN-Based Cermets: Mechanical Properties and Wear Mechanism, Int. J. Refract Metal Hard Mater., 2013, 39, p 78-89.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. S. Li, H. Fang, Q. Jiao, J. He, H. Zhao, Y. Qin and F. Yin, Evolution of Microstructure and Mechanical Performance of Plasma-Sprayed Ti-Cr-Si-C Coatings Annealed at 800° C and 1100° C, Vacuum, 2022, 196, p 110781.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. A.K. Mehr, M.R.Z. Meymian and A.K. Mehr, Nanoindentation and Nanoscratch Studies of Submicron Nanostructured Ti/TiCrN Bilayer Films Deposited by RF-DC Co-Sputtering Method, Ceram. Int., 2018, 44(17), p 21825-21834.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  78. V.A. Thampi, A. Bendavid and B. Subramanian, Nanostructured TiCrN Thin Films by PULSED Magnetron Sputtering for Cutting Tool Applications, Ceram. Int., 2016, 42(8), p 9940-9948.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Y.-Y. Chang, S.-J. Yang and D.-Y. Wang, Characterization of TiCr (C, N)/Amorphous Carbon Coatings Synthesized by a Cathodic Arc Deposition Process, Thin Solid Films, 2007, 515(11), p 4722-4726.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. H.Q. Zhang, N. Liu, R.Y. Song, Z.W. Liu and W. Cai, Effect of Ni-Co on the Properties of Ultra-Fine Grade Ti (C, N)-Based Cermets, Cem. Carbide, 2008, 25(4), p 214-217.

    Google Scholar 

  81. J. Xu, C. Zhang, G. Sun, J. Xiao, L. Zhang and G. Zhang, Role of SiC Nanoparticles on Tribological Properties of Atmospheric Plasma Sprayed 5 w% SiC-Ni60 Coatings, Tribol. Int., 2020, 146, p 106220.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. F. Zhang, J. He, K. Chen, Y. Qin, C. Li and F. Yin, Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of TiCN-Cr Nano/Micro Composite Coatings Prepared by Reactive Plasma Spraying, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2018, 427, p 905-914.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Q. Wu, C. Yang, F. Xue and Y. Sun, Effect of Mo Addition on the Microstructure and Wear Resistance of in situ TiC/Al Composite, Mater. Des., 2011, 32(10), p 4999-5003.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Y. Li, N. Liu, X. Zhang and C. Rong, Effect of Mo Addition on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ultra-Fine Grade TiC-TiN-WC-Mo2C-Co Cermets, Int. J. Refract Metal Hard Mater., 2008, 26(3), p 190-196.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. X. Guo, Y. Niu, L. Huang, H. Ji and X. Zheng, Microstructure and Tribological Property of TiC-Mo Composite Coating Prepared by Vacuum Plasma Spraying, J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2012, 21(5), p 1083-1090.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Y. Fu, C. Huang, C. Du, J. Li, C. Dai, H. Luo, Z. Liu and X. Li, Evolution in Microstructure, Wear, Corrosion, and Tribocorrosion Behavior of Mo-Containing High-Entropy Alloy Coatings fabricated by Laser cladding, Corros. Sci., 2021, 191, p 109727.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. I. Lee, H. Park, J. Kim and C. Lee, Correlation of Microstructure with Tribological Properties in Atmospheric Plasma Sprayed Mo-Added Ferrous Coating, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2016, 307, p 908-914.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. X. Chen, W. Xiong, J. Qu, Q. Yang, Z. Yao and Y. Huang, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of (Ti, W, Ta)C-xMo-Ni cermets, Int. J. Refract Metal Hard Mater., 2012, 31, p 56-61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. J. Pirso, M. Viljus and S. Letunovitš, Friction and Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of Cermets, Wear, 2006, 260(7-8), p 815-824.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. J. Pirso, M. Viljus and S. Letunovits, Sliding Wear of TiC-NiMo Cermets, Tribol. Int., 2004, 37(10), p 817-824.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Q. Li, X.-D. Sun and Z.-M. Xiu, Effect of Ni and Ti on Mechanical Properties of Al (2) O (3)-Ti (C, N) Composites, Wuji Cailiao Xuebao J. Inorg. Mater., 2011, 26(9), p 955-960.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. D.G. Bhosale, T.R. Prabhu and W.S. Rathod, Sliding and Erosion Wear Behaviour of Thermal Sprayed WC-Cr3C2-Ni Coatings, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2020, 400, p 126192.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Z. Liu, Z. Chu, Y. Dong, Y. Yang, X. Chen, X. Kong and D. Yan, The Effect of Metallic Bonding Layer on the Corrosion Behavior of plasma Sprayed Al2O3 Ceramic Coatings in Simulated Seawater, Vacuum, 2014, 101, p 6-9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. L. Zhao, F. Zhang, L. Wang, S. Yan, J. He and F. Yin, Effects of Post-Annealing on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Plasma Sprayed Ti-Si-C Composite Coatings with Al Addition, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2021, 416, p 127164.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. F. Zhang, C. Li, S. Yan, J. He and F. Yin, Improving Hardness and Toughness of Plasma Sprayed Ti-Si-C Nano-Composite Coatings by Post Ar-Annealing, Ceram. Int., 2021, 47(3), p 3173-3184.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. A. Vencl, S. Arostegui, G. Favaro, F. Zivic, M. Mrdak, S. Mitrović and V. Popovic, Evaluation of Adhesion/Cohesion Bond Strength of the Thick Plasma Spray Coatings by Scratch Testing on Coatings Cross-Sections, Tribol. Int., 2011, 44(11), p 1281-1288.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. J. Liu and C. Liang, The Improvement of Toughness and Tribological Properties of Niobium Nitride Film by Addition of Copper, Vacuum, 2017, 143, p 59-62.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. W. Dang, S. Ren, J. Zhou, Y. Yu, Z. Li and L. Wang, Influence of Cu on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Ti 3 SiC 2, Ceram. Int., 2016, 42(8), p 9972-9980.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. J. Qu, W. Xiong, Z. Yao, S. Lin and X. Chen, Effects of WC Particle Sizes on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TiCN-Based Cermet, Cem. Carbide, 2010, 27, p 321-325.

    Google Scholar 

  100. C. Liu, N. Lin and Y.H. He, Influence of Mo 2 C and TaC Additions on the microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti(C, N)-Based Cermets, Ceram. Int., 2016, 42(2), p 3569-3574.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. W. Jun, L. Ying, Z. Ping, P. Jiancai, Y. Jinwen and T. Minjing, Effect of WC on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in the Ti (C0. 7N0. 3)-xWC-Mo2C-(Co, Ni) system, Int. J. Refractory Met. Hard Mater., 2009, 27(1), p 9-13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  102. H. Yu, Y. Liu, Y. Jin and J. Ye, Effect of Secondary Carbides Addition on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of (Ti, W, Mo, V)(C, N)-Based Cermets, Int. J. Refract. Metal Hard Mater., 2011, 29(5), p 586-590.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. J. Wang, Y. Liu, Y. Feng, J. Ye and M. Tu, Effect of NbC on the Microstructure and Sinterability of Ti (C0. 7, N0. 3)-Based Cermets, Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater., 2009, 27(3), p 549-551.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. J. Meng, J. Lu, J. Wang and S. Yang, Tribological Behavior of TiCN-Based Cermets at Elevated Temperatures, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2006, 418(1-2), p 68-76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  105. Y. Yang, Z.-H. Chu, X.-G. Chen, L. Wang, Z. Liu, Y.-C. Dong, D.-R. Yan, J.-X. Zhang and Z.-L. Kang, Microstructure and Properties of Al2O3-ZrO2 Composite Coatings Prepared by Air Plasma Spraying, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2018, 431, p 93-100.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  106. Z. Yin, S. Tao, X. Zhou and C. Ding, Particle in-Flight Behavior and its Influence on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Plasma-Sprayed Al2O3 Coatings, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 2008, 28(6), p 1143-1148.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. C. Zhu, Y. Su, D. Zhang and Q. Ouyang, Effect of Al2O3 Coating Thickness on Microstructural Characterization and Mechanical Properties of Continuous Carbon Fiber Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2020, 793, p 139839.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. H. Aghajani, Z. Valefi and P. Zamani, Phase Composition, Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Wear Performance of Nanostructured Al2O3 and Al2O3-Y2O3 Coatings Deposited by Plasma Spraying, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2022, 585, p 152754.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. P.S. Babu, D. Sen, A. Jyothirmayi, L.R. Krishna and D.S. Rao, Influence of Microstructure on the Wear and Corrosion Behavior of Detonation Sprayed Cr2O3-Al2O3 and Plasma Sprayed Cr2O3 Coatings, Ceram. Int., 2018, 44(2), p 2351-2357.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. B. Dhakar, S. Chatterjee and K. Sabiruddin, Phase Stabilization of Plasma-Sprayed Alumina Coatings by Spraying Mechanically Blended Alumina-Chromia Powders, Mater. Manuf. Process., 2017, 32(4), p 355-364.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. B. Niu, L. Qiang, J. Zhang, F. Zhang, Y. Hu, W. Chen and A. Liang, Plasma Sprayed α-Al2O3 Main Phase Coating Using γ-Al2O3 Powders, Surf. Eng., 2019, 35(9), p 801-808.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. W. Wan, J. Xiong, M. Yang, Z. Guo, G. Dong and C. Yi, Effects of Cr3C2 Addition on the Corrosion Behavior of Ti (C, N)-Based Cermets, Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater., 2012, 31, p 179-186.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. S.G. Huang, H.B. Nie, X.Y. Guo, J. Vleugels, J.H. Huang, H. Mohrbacher, N.K. Rajendhran, J. Sukumaran, P. De Baets, E. Cannizza and M. Woydt, Microstructural Investigation and Machining Performance of NbC-Ti(C0.5N0.5) Matrix Cermets, Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater., 2019, 84, p 105038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2019.105038

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. B.V. Vikas Verma and Manoj Kumar, Tribological Characteristics of Conventionally Sintered TiCN-WC-Ni/Co Cermets Against Cemented Carbide, Ceram. Int., 2017, 43(1), p 368-375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.09.167

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Z. Liu, H. Yang, Y. Jia and X. Shu, Heat Protective Properties of NiCrAlY/Al2O3 Gradient Ceramic Coating Fabricated by Plasma Spraying and Slurry Spraying, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2017, 327, p 1-8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. S. Torabi, Z. Valefi and N. Ehsani, The Effect of the SiC Content on the High Duration Erosion Behavior of SiC/ZrB2- SiC/ZrB2 Functionally Gradient Coating Produced by Shielding Shrouded Plasma Spray Method, Ceram. Int., 2022, 48(2), p 1699-1714.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Q. Li, P. Song, W. Huang, C. Deng, C. Wang, L. Li, B. Zheng and J. Lu, Improvement in the Mechanical Properties of Plasma Spray Ceramic-Cu/Ti3AlC2 Gradient Coatings by Heat Treatment, Ceram. Int., 2019, 45(17), p 22452-22463.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. A.R. Govande, A. Chandak, B.R. Sunil, R. Dumpala, Carbide-Based Thermal Spray Coatings: A Review on Performance Characteristics and Post-Treatment, Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater., 2022, 103, p.105772

Download references

Acknowledgments

The review was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51872073), Fund of Suzhou University of Science and Technology (332011401 and 342031401), Project of higher education in Jiangsu province (422111401).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Materials Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300132, China

    Jining He, Zhihua He, Hongjian Zhao & Yehui Bi

  2. College of Mechanical Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215000, China

    Yanfang Qin

Authors
  1. Jining He
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zhihua He
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yanfang Qin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Hongjian Zhao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Yehui Bi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Jining He, Yanfang Qin or Hongjian Zhao.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

He, J., He, Z., Qin, Y. et al. A Review of TiCN Coating Prepared by Reaction Plasma Spraying. J Therm Spray Tech 31, 2280–2299 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-022-01454-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-022-01454-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation