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The “Plus” of the Outer Surface of a Magnetic Layered Double Hydroxide for Arsenic Removal from Water: Synthesis and Adsorption Aspects

  • PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF WATER TREATMENT PROCESSES
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Abstract

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been extensively studied as adsorbents and the outer surface of their layers plays an important role in the global process of adsorption. Arsenic is one of the most important water contaminants, and in addition to its geological occurrence, it is discarded in the nature, for instance, from pesticides and mining. In this work, an LDH magnesium-aluminum intercalated by carbonate ions was prepared on the magnetite core by the co-precipitation method and the equilibrium and thermodynamic aspects were evaluated in the arsenic removal from water. The magnetic core facilitated the adsorbent recovery by the simple application of an external magnetic field, which may be a strategy to enhance its reusability. The synthesized adsorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and point of zero charge (pHPZC) techniques. The crystalline profile of the LDH phase was kept in the composites formed by a magnetic core. As expected, the characterization analyses evidenced the intercalation of the carbonate ion, and the pHPZC was 8.02, a crucial parameter with regard to the balance of chemical forms of arsenic-containing ions and their dependence on the pH of the reaction medium. The adsorption reaction was endergonic, exothermic and presented negative standard entropy. The Dubinin−Radushkevich isotherm was applied and the adsorption energy (E) was 1.36 kJ mol–1, indicating that the process is ruled by physical forces. Sips and Radke−Prausnitz isotherms were able to fit the experimental data. The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) was 23 mg g–1, which is lower than the expected if the LDH phase had acted in the removal of arsenic ions using its outer surface plus its capacity of ion exchange, and this step was highly influenced by the pH of the arsenic-containing solution. In addition, as the temperature rose, the equilibrium constant decreased whereas the qm increased, indicating that the temperature has favored the arsenic species diffusion inside the pores of the LDH aggregates. The Mag-LDH presented potential to be further studied as an alternative adsorbent for arsenic removal from water.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are grateful to the Universidade Estadual de Londrina for the characterization analysis.

Funding

The work was supported by Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), and Fundacao Araucaria do Parana (Parana Araucaria Foundation).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina (UEL), 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil

    Luciane Effting

  2. Group of Materials Chemistry and Sustainable Technologies, Federal University of Technology—Parana (UTFPR), 86036-6100, Londrina, PR, Brazil

    Alesandro Bail

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  1. Luciane Effting
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Correspondence to Alesandro Bail.

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Luciane Effting, Alesandro Bail The “Plus” of the Outer Surface of a Magnetic Layered Double Hydroxide for Arsenic Removal from Water: Synthesis and Adsorption Aspects. J. Water Chem. Technol. 44, 250–258 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1063455X22040063

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