Abstract
To understand the morphological evolution, deformation characteristics, and mechanism of high slope dump landslides under compound loads, a physical model test of the Nanfen waste dump was carried out. Based on the similarity principle and direct shear tests, similar materials were used to simulate the geological material of the dump and a similar shape of the underlying layer of the dump was constructed. Distributed optical fibers and thermometers were placed within the model to monitor the strain and temperature of the waste dump. An ice-snow layer was laid inside the model to study the influence of the thawing on the deformation of the dump. During the test, a combined load of 0–75 kg graded external loads, self-weight, and thawing of the ice-snow layer was applied. The overall failure evolution process of the model dump was obtained, which included settlement, local collapse, clastic flows, and landslides. The strain characteristics and temperature field distribution of the model dump were measured using optical fiber monitoring. Failure of the model dump was mainly due to the thawing of the ice-snow layer, uneven settlement, dumping style, particle gradation, self-weight, and external loads. The failure characteristics and mechanism of landslides in the physical model test were consistent with those of an on-site dump.
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Acknowledgements
Thanks for the geological data provided by Nanfen Open-Pit Iron Mine of Bengang Group Corporation and Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Funding
This work was supported by the Beijing Science and Technology Planning Project (Z191100001419015) and the Project supported by Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality (8194062).
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Cao, C., Feng, J., Zhang, Z. et al. Characteristics and mechanism of dump landslides under compound loads based on physical model test. Bull Eng Geol Environ 81, 350 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-022-02825-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-022-02825-6