Synthesis of Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Powders for Production of Bioceramics and Composites by 3D Printing

Abstract

Amorphous calcium phosphate powders stabilized by crystallization inhibitors based on carboxylate and phosphate salts have been obtained by precipitation from solutions at 10 and 25°C. The presence of inhibitors leads to dispersed precipitates especially for samples with ${{{\text{P}}}_{{\text{3}}}}{\text{O}}_{9}^{{3 - }}$ and ${{{\text{P}}}_{{\text{3}}}}{\text{O}}_{{10}}^{{5 - }}$ (the size of primary agglomerates is 300–400 nm); the high values of ζ potential for particles in ${{{\text{P}}}_{{\text{2}}}}{\text{O}}_{7}^{{4 - }}{\text{,}}$ ${{{\text{P}}}_{{\text{3}}}}{\text{O}}_{9}^{{3 - }}$, and ${{{\text{P}}}_{{\text{3}}}}{\text{O}}_{{10}}^{{5 - }}$ suspensions (<–20 mV) indicate the sufficient aggregative stability of such suspensions. Practical interest in the context of the use of amorphous phosphate powders for production of bioceramics and composites by stereolithographic 3D printing is attracted to phosphates obtained in the presence of trimeta- and tripolyphosphates, inhibitors studied in this work for the first time.