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Estimation of genetic divergence in wheat genotypes based on agro-morphological traits through agglomerative hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis

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Abstract

Estimation of genetic divergence and its application in breeding strategy may result in improved and viable production. A total of 6 agro-morphological traits were analysed in 77 wheat genotypes from different geographical regions of Pakistan starting from 1934 to 2016. Data were analysed for correlation, agglomerative hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis. Grain yield (kg per hectare) had significantly positive correlation with grains per spike. The PC-I revealed positive factor loadings for entire traits. The contribution of spike length was maximum in PC-I. Cluster analysis clustered entire varieties into five different groups. The D2 statistics proved maximum distance between cluster-II and IV, whereas the highest resemblance was found in cluster-III and cluster-V. It is therefore suggested that crosses between genotypes of cluster-II and V can be used to classify germplasm which provides viable basis for choosing base material to design imminent breeding approaches for yield improvement.

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Acknowledgements

Authors are thankful for provision of facilities and help in analysis at Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology MAB-Lab1, Faisalabad. This paper is a part of PhD thesis of the first author i.e. Anam Khalid.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Anam Khalid & Amjad Hameed

  2. Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan

    Anam Khalid & Amjad Hameed

  3. University of Jhang, Jhang, Pakistan

    Anam Khalid & Muhammad Farrukh Tahir

Authors
  1. Anam Khalid
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  2. Amjad Hameed
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  3. Muhammad Farrukh Tahir
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Contributions

AK was involved in overall execution of the experiment, analytical work, collection of data, organization of resulting data, write up and revision of manuscript. AH was involved in planning, designing and finalization of basic idea of experiment and overall supervision during analytical work, statistical analysis of data using XL-STAT software and MFT was involved in revision of manuscript.

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Correspondence to Anam Khalid.

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Authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Communicated by A. M. Alqudah.

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Khalid, A., Hameed, A. & Tahir, M.F. Estimation of genetic divergence in wheat genotypes based on agro-morphological traits through agglomerative hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis. CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 51, 217–224 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-022-00287-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-022-00287-w

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