Elsevier

Fertility and Sterility

Volume 118, Issue 3, September 2022, Pages 568-575
Fertility and Sterility

Original article
Prevalence of and risk factors for chronic endometritis in patients with intrauterine disorders after hysteroscopic surgery

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.05.029Get rights and content
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Objective

To identify the prevalence of and risk factors for chronic endometritis (CE) in patients with intrauterine disorders and the therapeutic efficacy of hysteroscopic surgery in the treatment of CE without antibiotic therapy.

Design

Prospective cohort study.

Setting

Hospital specializing in reproductive medicine.

Patient(s)

The study population consisted of 350 women with infertility, of whom 337 were recruited, who underwent hysteroscopic surgery between November 2018 and June 2021. Eighty-nine consecutive patients without intrauterine disorders were also recruited as controls.

Intervention(s)

Endometrial samples were collected during the surgery for CD138 immunostaining for the diagnosis of CE. In women diagnosed with CE, endometrial biopsy was performed without antibiotic use in the subsequent menstrual cycle.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Prevalence of and risk factors for CE in intrauterine disorders and therapeutic effects of hysteroscopic surgery on CE.

Result(s)

The prevalence of CE with ≥5 CD138-positive cells in women with no intrauterine disorder and with endometrial polyps, myomas, intrauterine adhesions (IUAs), and septate uterus was 15.7%, 85.7%, 69.0%, 78.9%, and 46.2%, respectively. A multivariate analysis revealed that CE was diagnosed significantly more often in the endometrial polyp (odds ratio, 27.69; 95% confidence interval, 15.01–51.08) and IUA groups (odds ratio, 8.85; 95% confidence interval, 3.26–24.05). The rate of recovery from CE with surgery in women with endometrial polyps, myomas, IUA, and septate uterus was 89.7%, 100%, 92.8%, and 83.3%, respectively.

Conclusion(s)

Endometrial polyp and IUA were risk factors for CE. Most CE cases with intrauterine disorders were cured with hysteroscopic surgery without antibiotic therapy, regardless of the type of intrauterine abnormalities.

Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de endometritis crónica en pacientes con trastornos intrauterinos después de cirugía histeroscópica.

Objetivo

Identificar la prevalencia y los factores de riesgo de la endometritis crónica (EC) en pacientes con trastornos intrauterinos y la eficacia terapéutica de la cirugía histeroscópica en el tratamiento de la EC sin antibioticoterapia.

Diseño

Estudio de cohorte prospectivo.

Lugar

Hospital especializado en medicina reproductiva.

Paciente(s)

La población de estudio estuvo compuesta por 350 mujeres con infertilidad, de las cuales se reclutaron 337, que se sometieron a cirugía histeroscópica entre noviembre de 2018 y junio de 2021. También se reclutaron como controles 89 pacientes consecutivas sin trastornos intrauterinos.

Intervención(es)

Se recolectaron muestras endometriales durante la cirugía para inmunotinción de CD138 para el diagnóstico de EC. En las mujeres con diagnóstico de EC, se realizó biopsia endometrial sin uso de antibióticos en el ciclo menstrual subsiguiente.

Medida(s) principales de resultado

Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de EC en trastornos intrauterinos y efectos terapéuticos de la cirugía histeroscópica en EC.

Resultado(s)

La prevalencia de EC con ≥ 5 células CD138-positivas en mujeres sin trastorno intrauterino y con pólipos endometriales, miomas, adherencias intrauterinas (AIU) y útero tabicado fue del 15,7%, 85,7%, 69,0%, 78,9%, y 46,2%, respectivamente. Un análisis multivariante reveló que la EC se diagnosticó significativamente más a menudo en el pólipo endometrial (odds ratio, 27,69; intervalo de confianza del 95%, 15,01-51,08) y en los grupos de AIU (odds ratio, 8,85; intervalo de confianza del 95 %, 3,26-24,05). La tasa de recuperación de la EC con cirugía en mujeres con pólipos endometriales, miomas, AIU y útero tabicado fue del 89,7%, 10 %, 92,8% y 83,3%, respectivamente.

Conclusión(es)

El pólipo endometrial y las AIU fueron factores de riesgo para EC. La mayoría de los casos de EC con trastornos intrauterinos se curaron con cirugía histeroscópica sin antibioticoterapia, independientemente del tipo de anomalías intrauterinas.

Key Words

CD138
chronic endometritis
endometrial polyp
hysteroscopic surgery
intrauterine adhesion

Cited by (0)

K.K. has nothing to disclose. A.K. has nothing to disclose. S.T. has nothing to disclose. K.N. has nothing to disclose. Y.K. has nothing to disclose. K.N. has nothing to disclose. S.N. has nothing to disclose. H.N. has nothing to disclose. R.S. has nothing to disclose.

K.K. and A.Y. should be considered similar in author order.

Supported by JSPS KAKENHI, Japan (grant 18K09273) (to K.K.).