Abstract
Purpose
Root inoculation of plants with beneficial microorganisms promotes plant growth and improves tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. In banana plants, microbial inoculation has shown promising effects on plant growth, but the effect on foliar diseases and on the resident native microbial community is yet unknown. We examined the effects of Bacillus subtilis EA-CB0575 introduced on roots of micropropagated banana plants on black Sigatoka disease and on the root microbiome.
Methods
In vitro banana seedlings were root-inoculated with strain EA-CB0575, and then treated with the foliar pathogen Pseudocercospora fijiensis. Root bacterial communities were characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, before and after pathogen inoculation; and the severity of the disease was determined.
Results
Inoculation of strain EA-CB0575 on in vitro banana roots provided a reduction in the severity of black Sigatoka disease in greenhouse. This inoculation induced changes in the composition of the bacterial root microbiome, changes that arose from amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) of low abundances. Differential abundance analysis of ASV indicated that prior pathogen inoculation significantly more enriched sequences were identified in roots treated with EA-CB0575 (191-ASVs) compared to control plants (73-ASVs), but after pathogen inoculation more sequences were found in control (277-ASVs) than bacterial inoculated plants (60-ASVs). Furthermore, in vitro banana roots host a bacterial community that differ from that of greenhouse plants.
Conclusion
Results suggest that banana plants inoculated with B. subtilis EA-CB0575, reshape the composition of the bacterial community in a P. fijiensis dependent manner and induce systemic resistance protecting plants against black Sigatoka.
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Data availability
Raw sequence data have been deposited at the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) under accession number PRJEB46884. Any additional datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank Universidad EAFIT (Colombia), the Association of Banana Producers of Colombia (AUGURA), and the Department of Science, Technology and Innovation (COLCIENCIAS) for funding this project (contract number 249-2016). We especially thank Dr. Jos Raaijmakers for providing the venue for training in bioinformatics conducted by the experts Juan Esteban Pérez, Victor Carrión, Francisco Dini Andreote, Mattias de Hollander, and Fleur Gawehns-Bruning at the Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW). We also thank the supercomputing resources made available by the Centro de Computación Científica Apolo at Universidad EAFIT. This research was made posible by the subscribed Contract Number 166 and 139 with the Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo Territorial of Colombia in the categories “Contrato de Acceso a Recursos Genéticos y Productos Derivados para Investigación Científica” and “Contrato de Acceso a Recursos Genéticos y Productos Derivados con Fines Comerciales” respectively.
Funding
This work was supported by Universidad EAFIT (Colombia), the Association of Banana Producers of Colombia (AUGURA), and the Department of Science, Technology and Innovation (COLCIENCIAS) (contract number 249–2016).
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Conceptualization: Posada, L.F., Villegas-Escobar, V.; Methodology: García, G., Posada, L.F., J. E. Pérez-Jaramillo, Carrion, V.J., Raaijmakers, J.M., Villegas-Escobar, V.; Investigation: García, G.; Formal analysis: García, G.; Writing- original draft preparation: García, G., Villegas – Escobar, V.; Review and editing: García, G., Posada, L.F., J. E. Pérez-Jaramillo, Carrion, V.J., Raaijmakers, J.M., Villegas – Escobar, V.; Funding acquisition: Posada, L.F., Villegas – Escobar, V.; Resources: Villegas – Escobar, V.; Project administration: Villegas – Escobar, V.; Supervision: Villegas – Escobar, V.
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García-Giraldo, G., Posada, L.F., Pérez-Jaramillo, J.E. et al. Bacillus subtilis EA-CB0575 inoculation of micropropagated banana plants suppresses black Sigatoka and induces changes in the root microbiome. Plant Soil 479, 513–527 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05540-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05540-z