Abstract
Telenomus remus (Nixon) is a promising egg parasitoid for the management of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith). This species has been successfully reared on alternative hosts under laboratory conditions. However, the production of biocontrol agents is often out of sync with the demands in the field. Appropriate cold storage techniques can drastically prolong their shelf-life to synchronize the release schedule with field needs and reduce production costs. Past studies on the cold storage of T. remus only focused on certain developmental stages, but not all stages. Here, we comprehensively evaluated the impacts of storage temperature (8, 11, and 14 °C) and duration (7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days) on the maternal emergence and offspring fitness of T. remus stored at different developmental stages (first instar larvae, second instar larvae, prepupae, and pupae) using Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) eggs as alternative hosts. For each developmental stage, emergence percentage and parasitism capacity of parents all decreased with increased storage duration and decreased storage temperature. Maternal female longevity, offspring emergence percentage and percentage of females were barely affected by cold storage. We concluded that storage of the first instar larvae at 14 °C for 21 days was the optimum storage scheme for T. remus. Our findings can be directly used as guidance in mass production and storage of this parasitoid.
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The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We thank EditSprings (https://www.editsprings.com/) for providing expert linguistic services. This research was funded by the Major Projects of China National Tobacco Corporation (110202001032 (LS-01)), the Projects of Guizhou Tobacco Corporation (201936, 201937, and 201941), and the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (CAAS-ZDRW202108). We would like to thank Prof. Zhenying Wang, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; and Prof. Zhuhong Wang, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, for the help provided with the experimental materials.
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LSZ, YYL, JJM and MQW designed the study. WBC conducted the experiments. WBC, CHZ, MSZ and FZJ performed data analyses. WBC wrote the manuscript. LSZ edited it. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
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Chen, W., Li, Y., Zhang, C. et al. Cold storage effects on biological parameters of Telenomus remus, a promising egg parasitoid of Spodoptera frugiperda, reared on Spodoptera litura eggs. J Pest Sci 96, 1365–1378 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-022-01515-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-022-01515-2